A network model of rational versus irrational choices on a probability maximization task

Humans have a drive to maximize knowledge of the world, yet decision making data also suggest a contrary drive to minimize cognitive effort using simplifying heuristics. The trade-off between maximizing knowledge and minimizing effort is modeled by simulation of a challenging decision task. The task is to choose which of two gambles has the highest probability of success when the alternative with higher success probability also has lower success frequency.

[1]  Philippe Pinel,et al.  Tuning Curves for Approximate Numerosity in the Human Intraparietal Sulcus , 2004, Neuron.

[2]  Alan F. Murray,et al.  International Joint Conference on Neural Networks , 1993 .

[3]  Jonathan D. Cohen,et al.  An integrative theory of locus coeruleus-norepinephrine function: adaptive gain and optimal performance. , 2005, Annual review of neuroscience.

[4]  V. Reyna,et al.  Numeracy, Ratio Bias, and Denominator Neglect in Judgments of Risk and Probability. , 2008 .

[5]  Stephen Grossberg,et al.  A neural model of how the brain represents and compares multi-digit numbers: spatial and categorical processes , 2003, Neural Networks.

[6]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  DISPOSITIONAL DIFFERENCES IN COGNITIVE MOTIVATION : THE LIFE AND TIMES OF INDIVIDUALS VARYING IN NEED FOR COGNITION , 1996 .

[7]  D. Kumaran,et al.  Frames, Biases, and Rational Decision-Making in the Human Brain , 2006, Science.

[8]  T. Robbins,et al.  Dissociation in prefrontal cortex of affective and attentional shifts , 1996, Nature.

[9]  V. Reyna.  CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE How People Make Decisions That Involve Risk A Dual-Processes Approach , 2022 .

[10]  L. Perlovsky.  Toward physics of the mind: Concepts, emotions, consciousness, and symbols , 2006 .

[11]  Joshua W. Brown,et al.  Learned Predictions of Error Likelihood in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex , 2005, Science.

[12]  Gregory G. Brown,et al.  Error Rate and Outcome Predictability Affect Neural Activation in Prefrontal Cortex and Anterior Cingulate during Decision-Making , 2002, NeuroImage.

[13]  Charles J. Brainerd,et al.  Emerging Perspectives on Judgment and Decision Research: Memory, Development, and Rationality: An Integrative Theory of Judgment and Decision Making , 2003 .

[14]  V. Reyna,et al.  Fuzzy-trace theory: An interim synthesis , 1995 .

[15]  Michael J. Frank,et al.  Interactions between frontal cortex and basal ganglia in working memory: A computational model , 2001, Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience.

[16]  Seymour Epstein,et al.  The interaction of three facets of concrete thinking in a game of chance , 1999 .

[17]  S. Bunge.  How we use rules to select actions: A review of evidence from cognitive neuroscience , 2004, Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience.

[18]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  DISPOSITIONAL DIFFERENCES IN COGNITIVE MOTIVATION : THE LIFE AND TIMES OF INDIVIDUALS VARYING IN NEED FOR COGNITION , 1996 .

[19]  M. Botvinick,et al.  Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. , 2001, Psychological review.

[20]  Kimihiko Yamagishi.  When a 12.86% Mortality is More Dangerous than 24.14%: Implications for Risk Communication , 1997 .

[21]  Charles J. Brainerd,et al.  The origins of probability judgment: A review of data and theories. , 1994 .

[22]  S. Epstein,et al.  Conflict between intuitive and rational processing: when people behave against their better judgment. , 1994, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[23]  Scott A Huettel,et al.  Modulation of prefrontal cortex activity by information toward a decision rule , 2004, Neuroreport.

[24]  Petru Lucian Curşeu.  Need for cognition and rationality in decision-making , 2006 .

[25]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  The need for cognition. , 1982 .