Lipolysis during fasting. Decreased suppression by insulin and increased stimulation by epinephrine.

These studies were designed to determine whether the insulin resistance of fasting extends to its antilipolytic effects and whether fasting enhances the lipolytic effects of adrenergic stimulation independent of changes in plasma hormone and substrate concentrations. Palmitate flux was determined isotopically ([1-14C]palmitate) before and during epinephrine infusion in normal volunteers after a 14-h (day 1) and an 84-h (day 4) fast. Using a pancreatic clamp, constant plasma hormone and glucose concentrations were achieved on both study days in seven subjects. Six subjects were infused with saline and served as controls. During the pancreatic clamp, palmitate flux was greater (P less than 0.01) on day 4 than day 1, despite similar plasma insulin, glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and glucose concentrations. The lipolytic response to epinephrine was greater (P less than 0.05) on day 4 than day 1 in both groups of subjects. In conclusion, lipolysis during fasting is less completely suppressed by insulin and more readily stimulated by epinephrine.

[1]  M. Jensen,et al.  Validation of a new method for determination of free fatty acid turnover. , 1987, The American journal of physiology.

[2]  P. Arner,et al.  Influence of Fasting and Refeeding on the Antilipolytic Effect of Insulin in Human Fat Cells Obtained from Obese Subjects , 1985, Diabetes.

[3]  P. Arner,et al.  Effect of fasting on insulin receptor binding and insulin action in different human subcutaneous fat depots. , 1985, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[4]  M. Berlan,et al.  Lack of desensitization of alpha-2-mediated inhibition of lipolysis in fat cells after acute and chronic treatment with clonidine. , 1985, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[5]  A. Wirth,et al.  Adrenergic regulation of lipolysis in abdominal adipocytes of obese subjects during caloric restriction: reversal of catecholamine action caused by relief of endogenous inhibition , 1985, European journal of clinical investigation.

[6]  Lawrence A Leiter,et al.  Catecholamine responses to hypocaloric diets and fasting in obese human subjects. , 1984, The American journal of physiology.

[7]  L. Landsberg,et al.  Dissociation of sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medullary responses. , 1984, The American journal of physiology.

[8]  P. Arner,et al.  Glucose stimulation of the antilipolytic effect of insulin in humans. , 1983, Science.

[9]  W. Newman,et al.  Insulin action during acute starvation: evidence for selective insulin resistance in normal man. , 1983, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[10]  P. Lefèbvre.  Glucagon and Adipose Tissue Lipolysis , 1983 .

[11]  O. Pedersen,et al.  Insulin receptor binding and insulin action in human fat cells: effects of obesity and fasting. , 1982, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[12]  A. Luyckx,et al.  Effect of protein-supplemented fasting on metabolic and hormonal responses to epinephrine infusion in obese subjects. , 1982, Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme.

[13]  Y. Giudicelli,et al.  Alterations induced by a prolonged fasting: opposite effects on the beta-adrenergic receptor-coupled adenylate-cyclase system and on lipolysis in fat cells from rat. , 1982, European journal of biochemistry.

[14]  P. Cryer,et al.  Epinephrine plasma thresholds for lipolytic effects in man: measurements of fatty acid transport with [l-13C]palmitic acid. , 1981, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[15]  L. Mandarino,et al.  Dose-response characteristics for effects of insulin on production and utilization of glucose in man. , 1981, The American journal of physiology.

[16]  R. Pollet,et al.  Principles of membrane receptor physiology and their application to clinical medicine. , 1980, Annals of internal medicine.

[17]  P. Arner,et al.  Regional differences in the control of lipolysis in human adipose tissue. , 1979, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[18]  G. Robison,et al.  Insulin Inhibition of Lipolysis of Human Adipocytes: The Role of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate , 1979, Diabetes.

[19]  G. Robison,et al.  The effect of fasting on the adrenergic receptor activity of human adipocytes. , 1979, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.

[20]  M. Barrand,et al.  Role of catecholamines in hypotensive response to dieting. , 1979, British medical journal.

[21]  C. Kahn.  Insulin resistance, insulin insensitivity, and insulin unresponsiveness: a necessary distinction. , 1978, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[22]  R. DeFronzo,et al.  Insulin binding to monocytes and insulin action in human obesity, starvation, and refeeding. , 1978, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[23]  P. Arner,et al.  Changes in the adrenergic control and the rate of lipolysis of isolated human adipose tissue during fasting and after re-feeding. , 2009, Acta medica Scandinavica.

[24]  G F Cahill,et al.  Starvation in man. , 1970, The New England journal of medicine.

[25]  D. Kipnis,et al.  Hormone-fuel interrelationships during fasting. , 1966, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[26]  V. Herbert,et al.  Coated charcoal immunoassay of insulin. , 1965, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.