Optimal design of demand adaptive paired-line hybrid transit: Case of radial route structure

Abstract This paper studies the design problem of a demand adaptive paired-line hybrid transit system with a radial network structure. Depending on whether the demand adaptive service is operated along circular or radial transit lines, two variants of such systems are considered: a Circular Model (or C-Model) and a Radial Model (or R-Model). A continuous approximation approach is employed to develop the optimal design problem, which is formulated as a mixed integer program. A comprehensive numerical experiment is performed to compare various cost components corresponding to the optimal design of the two systems, and a discrete-event simulation is developed to validate the analysis. Numerical and simulation results suggest that the radial route network outperforms the grid route network, which was analyzed previously in the literature, with a significant margin, while the C-Model and R-Model offer similar performance.

[1]  David M. Stein,et al.  Scheduling Dial-a-Ride Transportation Systems , 1978 .

[2]  S. C. Wirasinghe,et al.  Nearly optimal parameters for a rail/feeder-bus system on a rectangular grid , 1980 .

[3]  Vukan R Vuchic,et al.  PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION LINE POSITIONS AND HEADWAYS FOR MINIMUM COST , 1972 .

[4]  E M Holroyd,et al.  THE OPTIMUM BUS SERVICE: A THEORETICAL MODEL FOR A LARGE UNIFORM URBAN AREA , 1967 .

[5]  Chris Hendrickson,et al.  Design of Local Bus Service with Demand Equilibration , 1982 .

[6]  G. F. Newell,et al.  Rapid Transit Interstation Spacings for Minimum Travel Time , 1968 .

[7]  Yu Nie,et al.  Connecting e-hailing to mass transit platform: Analysis of relative spatial position , 2017 .

[8]  Teodor Gabriel Crainic,et al.  Flexible many-to-few + few-to-many = an almost personalized transit system , 2001 .

[9]  William H. K. Lam,et al.  Modeling intermodal equilibrium for bimodal transportation system design problems in a linear monocentric city , 2012 .

[10]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  Design and implementation of efficient transit networks: Procedure, case study and validity test , 2011 .

[11]  Gilbert Laporte,et al.  An adaptive neighborhood search metaheuristic for the integrated railway rapid transit network design and line planning problem , 2017, Comput. Oper. Res..

[12]  Gordon F. Newell,et al.  Optimal Parameters for a Coordinated Rail and Bus Transit System , 1977 .

[13]  Randolph W. Hall,et al.  NETWORK DESIGN FOR A GRID HYBRID TRANSIT SERVICE , 2004 .

[14]  Philippe Jehiel,et al.  Equilibrium on a Traffic Corridor with Several Congested Modes , 1993, Transp. Sci..

[15]  G. F. Newell Scheduling, Location, Transportation, and Continuum Mechanics: Some Simple Approximations to Optimization Problems , 1973 .

[16]  Carlos F Daganzo,et al.  Public Transportation Systems , 2019 .

[17]  V. Hurdle Minimum Cost Locations for Parallel Public Transit Lines , 1973 .

[18]  Paul Schonfeld,et al.  METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING TRANSIT SERVICE COVERAGE , 1993 .

[19]  Bernard F. Byrne,et al.  Cost minimizing positions, lengths and headways for parallel public transit lines having different speeds , 1976 .

[20]  Yanfeng Ouyang,et al.  A Structured Flexible Transit System for Low-Demand Areas , 2011 .

[21]  Fang Zhao,et al.  Large-Scale Transit Network Optimization by Minimizing User Cost and Transfers , 2006 .

[22]  S. C. Wirasinghe,et al.  Spacing of Bus-Stops for Many to Many Travel Demand , 1981 .

[23]  S. C. Wirasinghe,et al.  Rail Line Length in an Urban Transportation Corridor , 1986, Transp. Sci..

[24]  R. Jayakrishnan,et al.  Design and Operational Concepts of High-Coverage Point-to-Point Transit System , 2001 .

[25]  Yu Marco Nie,et al.  Analysis of an idealized system of demand adaptive paired-line hybrid transit , 2017 .

[26]  Jin-Kao Hao,et al.  Transit network design and scheduling: A global review , 2008 .

[27]  P. Schonfeld,et al.  Multiple period optimization of bus transit systems , 1991 .

[28]  Christoph E. Mandl,et al.  Evaluation and optimization of urban public transportation networks , 1980 .

[29]  Gordon F. Newell,et al.  Some Issues Relating to the Optimal Design of Bus Routes , 1979 .

[30]  Leo Kroon,et al.  Algorithmic Methods for Railway Optimization, International Dagstuhl Workshop, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, June 20-25, 2004, 4th International Workshop, ATMOS 2004, Bergen, Norway, September 16-17, 2004, Revised Selected Papers , 2007, ATMOS.

[31]  Federico Malucelli,et al.  Demand Adaptive Systems: Some Proposals on Flexible Transit1 , 1999 .

[32]  Nigel H. M. Wilson,et al.  Bus network design , 1986 .

[33]  Paul M. Schonfeld,et al.  Optimization Models for Comparing Conventional and Subscription Bus Feeder Services , 1991, Transp. Sci..

[34]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  A simultaneous bus route design and frequency setting problem for Tin Shui Wai, Hong Kong , 2011, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[35]  Bernard F. Byrne Public transportation line positions and headways for minimum user and system cost in a radial case , 1975 .

[36]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  Structure of Competitive Transit Networks , 2009 .

[37]  Hani S. Mahmassani,et al.  AN AI-BASED APPROACH FOR TRANSIT ROUTE SYSTEM PLANNING AND DESIGN , 1991 .

[38]  Hani S. Mahmassani,et al.  Hybrid route generation heuristic algorithm for the design of transit networks , 1995 .

[39]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  Optimal Transit Service atop Ring-radial and Grid Street Networks: A Continuum Approximation Design Method and Comparisons , 2015 .

[40]  Fang Zhao,et al.  Optimization of transit route network, vehicle headways and timetables for large-scale transit networks , 2008, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[41]  Francesc Robusté,et al.  Competitive transit network design in cities with radial street patterns , 2014 .