Integrating Renewable Energy Resources in Smart Grid Toward Energy-Based Cyber-Physical Systems

Abstract The inherent intermittency of renewable energy resources can seriously affect the stability and reliability of energy service in the smart grid. In this chapter, we first review the renewable energy resources and existing efforts toward their integration into the power grid. We then design simulation scenarios that consider the integration of different types of renewable energy resources and deployment techniques. After that, we propose a control mechanism that is capable of mitigating the inherent variability of renewable energy resources. Using GridLAB-D and GridMat simulation tools, 1 we implement these scenarios and evaluate the effectiveness of mixing different types of renewable energy resources and techniques, as well as our proposed control mechanism. Our simulation data shows that mixing different types of renewable energy resources and energy storage can effectively reduce power generation costs and power losses. Our simulation data also show that the proposed control mechanism is effective in responding to failure and contingencies by monitoring the status of distributed energy resources.