Chapter 9 – Summary and Conclusions

This final chapter is a summary of the book. The online hybrid test has a history of more than 30 years, and it has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for the earthquake response simulation of structures. The test, when combined with substructuring techniques, is called a “substructure online hybrid test,” and is particularly appealing for the earthquake response simulation of large-scale structures. Recently, some major improvements of the substructure online hybrid test are concentrated on the displacement-force mixed control, the incorporation of finite element source codes for numerical substructures, and the distribution of substructures to different locations geographically. The focus of this book has been on the development and application of the new online hybrid test systems.