Omega-3 fatty acids

Fatty acids in our diet are mainly of two types, viz., essential and non-essential. Essential fatty acids are needed for normal growth and development but cannot be synthesized by our body. Omega-3 fatty acids belong to this class. Long chain omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentanoic acid and docosahexanoic acid are built up in algae and plankton and the fish living on them. Deep sea fish and the fish oil produced from them provide the main source for omega-3 fatty acids, which promote formation of eicosanoids with anti-inflammatory characteristics. Naturally occurring omega-3 fatty acids can be supplied by oral or parenteral route so as to influence inflammatory reactions and immunological resistance. Their beneficial effects upon oral administration are well established. This article is aimed at highlighting the advantages of omega-3 fatty acids when included as a part of parenteral nutrition supplement. The patients in different clinical conditions who can benefit from this therapy have been indicated.