Early immune recovery after autologous transplantation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients: predictive factors and clinical significance

Abstract Limited data is available about the factors affecting early immune recovery or its clinical significance after autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT). We prospectively analyzed factors affecting early immune recovery and outcome among 72 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients. Absolute lymphocyte count 15 d after auto-SCT (ALC-15) ≥ 0.5 × 109/L was associated with the use of plerixafor (p = 0.004), the number of CD34+ cells (p = 0.015), and CD34+ CD38− cells (p = 0.005) in the grafts. ALC-15 ≥ 0.5 × 109/L was associated with improved overall survival (p = 0.021). In patients with aggressive histology, ALC-15 ≥ 0.5 × 109/L was beneficial in regard to both progression-free survival (p = 0.015) and overall survival (p = 0.002). Early immune recovery seems to be important in transplanted patients with NHL and, therefore, an easy and affordable method for disease-related risk analysis. Patients with aggressive histology and slow immune recovery may need additional post-transplant treatment.

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