A GIS-based decision support model for offshore floating wind turbine installation

ABSTRACT This paper presents a decision support model that assesses offshore suitability for floating wind turbine installation. The model is based on Multi-Criteria Analysis and Geographic Information Systems. An implementation of the model for the Aegean Sea is also presented. The methodological approach followed consists of four stages. The first stage excludes sites that are inappropriate for wind turbine siting based on legislative constraints. At the second stage, a set of evaluation criteria are used in order to identify the most suitable areas for floating wind turbine installation. Next stage is the economic evaluation of the highest-scored sites, as they resulted from final suitability map. Finally, a sensitivity analysis on the weights of the criteria is carried out. Results indicated that only a small percentage of the case study is characterised as appropriate for floating wind turbine siting, although wind potential is considered strong in more sites.

[1]  Jacob Ladenburg,et al.  Visual impact assessment of offshore wind farms and prior experience , 2009 .

[2]  Cathrine Ulla Jensen,et al.  The Vindication of Don Quixote: The Impact of Noise and Visual Pollution from Wind Turbines , 2014, Land Economics.

[3]  Thekla Tsitsoni,et al.  Protection and restoration of the environment XI , 2012 .

[4]  M. Nyeko.  GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Land Use Resource Planning , 2012 .

[5]  Tor Anders Nygaard,et al.  Levelised cost of energy for offshore floating wind turbines in a life cycle perspective , 2014 .

[6]  Demetris Demetriou,et al.  A Spatial Multi-Criteria Model for the Evaluation of Land Redistribution Plans , 2012, ISPRS Int. J. Geo Inf..

[7]  Vasilis Fthenakis,et al.  GIS-based wind farm site selection using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA): Evaluating the case for New York State , 2011 .

[8]  Philippe Rigo,et al.  Ship collision analysis on offshore wind turbine monopile foundations , 2017 .

[9]  Mehmet Bilgili,et al.  Offshore wind power development in Europe and its comparison with onshore counterpart , 2011 .

[10]  Thomas L. Saaty,et al.  Decision Making for Leaders: The Analytical Hierarchy Process for Decisions in a Complex World , 1982 .

[11]  Thomas E Mulinazzi,et al.  Wind Farm Turbulence Impacts on General Aviation Airports in Kansas , 2014 .

[12]  Jacek Malczewski,et al.  GIS‐based multicriteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature , 2006, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[13]  Niek Mouter,et al.  Cost-benefit Analysis (CBA), or Multi-criteria Decision-making (MCDM) or Both: Politicians’ Perspective in Transport Policy Appraisal , 2015 .

[14]  Neeraj Suri,et al.  AHP-Based Quantitative Approach for Assessing and Comparing Cloud Security , 2014, 2014 IEEE 13th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications.

[15]  E. Fantham,et al.  The Oxford encyclopedia of ancient Greece and Rome , 2010 .

[16]  Filippos Rodger Tsakiris.  Energy Development in the Non-Connected Islands of the Aegean Sea: internship report , 2010 .

[17]  D. Karamanis,et al.  Offshore wind farms development in relation to environmental protected areas , 2015 .

[18]  E. Kondili,et al.  Environmental and social footprint of offshore wind energy. Comparison with onshore counterpart , 2016 .

[19]  D. Zafirakis,et al.  Present situation and future prospects of electricity generation in Aegean Archipelago islands , 2007 .

[20]  Jacek Malczewski,et al.  GIS-based land-use suitability analysis: a critical overview , 2004 .

[21]  Suaad Jaber.  Environmental Impacts of Wind Energy , 2014 .

[22]  Thomas L. Saaty,et al.  Multicriteria Decision Making: The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation , 1990 .

[23]  Helen Bailey,et al.  Assessing environmental impacts of offshore wind farms: lessons learned and recommendations for the future , 2014, Aquatic biosystems.

[24]  Hrvoje Kozmar,et al.  Offshore renewable energy in the Adriatic Sea with respect to the Croatian 2020 energy strategy , 2014 .

[25]  Jeremy Firestone,et al.  The Offshore Wind Power Debate: Views from Cape Cod , 2005 .

[26]  Aileen Kenney,et al.  Addressing Interactions between Fisheries and Offshore Wind Development: The Block Island Wind Farm , 2016 .

[27]  Reinhard Madlener,et al.  Wind Farm Siting Using a Spatial Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach: A Case Study of the Städteregion Aachen , 2014 .

[28]  Heracles Polatidis,et al.  Environmental management framework for wind farm siting: methodology and case study. , 2010, Journal of environmental management.

[29]  Adel Gastli,et al.  Wind farm land suitability indexing using multi-criteria analysis , 2012 .

[30]  Eike Lehmann,et al.  Collisions of Ships with Offshore Wind Turbines: Calculation and Risk Evaluation , 2006 .

[31]  Mario A. Rotea,et al.  Structural control of floating wind turbines , 2011 .

[32]  Jason Jonkman,et al.  Dynamics Modeling and Loads Analysis of an Offshore Floating Wind Turbine , 2007 .

[33]  Bryan Karl Anthony L. Rapal,et al.  Analytic hierarchy process for multi-criteria site selection of utility-scale solar and wind projects , 2017 .

[34]  Reinhard Madlener,et al.  Wind Farm Siting Using a Spatial Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach: A Case Study of the Städteregion Aachen , 2016 .

[35]  Jacob Ladenburg,et al.  Attitudes towards on-land and offshore wind power development in Denmark; choice of development strategy , 2008 .

[36]  Serwan Mj Baban,et al.  Developing and applying a GIS-assisted approach to locating wind farms in the UK , 2001 .

[37]  W. Musial,et al.  Semi-Submersible Platform and Anchor Foundation Systems for Wind Turbine Support: August 30, 2004 - May 31, 2005 , 2007 .

[38]  A. Bergmann,et al.  Rural versus urban preferences for renewable energy developments , 2008 .

[39]  B. Lewke,et al.  Electromagnetic Interference on Large Wind Turbines , 2009 .

[40]  Ilhan Talinli,et al.  A Holistic Approach for Wind Farm Site Selection by Using FAHP , 2011 .

[41]  Lucien Duckstein,et al.  A Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Approach to GIS-Based Land Suitability Evaluation , 1993, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[42]  Jason Jonkman,et al.  Engineering Challenges for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines , 2007 .

[43]  Andrew R. Henderson,et al.  Offshore wind in Europe: The current state of the art , 2002 .

[44]  Kelsey Lauren Gregg.  Multi-Criteria Analysis Of Offshore Wind Energy Site Suitability In North Carolina , 2015 .

[45]  Peter Nijkamp,et al.  Meta-Analysis in Environmental Economics , 1997 .