Adaptive Design of OFDM Radar Signal With Improved Wideband Ambiguity Function

We propose an adaptive technique to design the spectrum of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform to improve the radar's wideband ambiguity function (WAF). The adaptive OFDM signal yields a better auto-correlation function (ACF) that results into an improved delay (range) resolution for the radar system. First, we develop a mutlicarrier OFDM signal model and the corresponding WAF at the output of the matched filter, emphasizing that the received signal depends on the scattering parameters of the target. Then, we devise an optimization procedure to select the OFDM waveform such that the volume of the corresponding WAF best approximates the volume of a desired ambiguity function. We demonstrate the improvement in the resulting ambiguity function, along with the associated ACF, through numerical examples. We find that the optimization algorithm puts more signal energy at subcarriers in which the target response is weaker.

[1]  A.I. Sinsky,et al.  Standardization of the Definition of the Radar Ambiguity Function , 1974, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[2]  John Paul Stralka,et al.  Applications of Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to radar , 2008 .

[3]  L. Varshney.  Radar Principles , 2005 .

[4]  D. C. Lush,et al.  Ambiguity function analysis of wideband radars , 1991, Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE National Radar Conference.

[5]  Calvin H. Wilcox,et al.  The Synthesis Problem for Radar Ambiguity Functions , 1991 .

[6]  D.S. Garmatyuk,et al.  Simulated Imaging Performance of UWB SAR Based on OFDM , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband.

[7]  Klaus Krickeberg,et al.  Probability and information theory II , 1969 .

[8]  P. Hakkaart,et al.  A multi frequency radar for detecting landmines: design aspects and electrical performance , 2001, 2001 31st European Microwave Conference.

[9]  M. Skolnik,et al.  Introduction to Radar Systems , 2021, Advances in Adaptive Radar Detection and Range Estimation.

[10]  Damien Castelain,et al.  Digital sound broadcasting to mobile receivers , 1989 .

[11]  I. Gladkova,et al.  On the synthesis problem for a waveform having a nearly ideal ambiguity surface É , 2004 .

[12]  N. Levanon,et al.  Basic Radar Signals , 2004 .

[13]  R. Altes.  Some invariance properties of the wide-band ambiguity function , 1973 .

[14]  Shirley Dex,et al.  JR 旅客販売総合システム（マルス）における運用及び管理について , 1991 .

[15]  L.H. Sibul,et al.  Volume Properties for the Wideband Ambiguity Function , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[16]  Ninoslav Majurec.  The Advanced Multi-Frequency Radar (AMFR) for remote sensing of clouds and precipitation , 2005 .

[17]  H. Nikookar,et al.  Doppler Tolerance of OFDM-coded Radar Signals , 2006, 2006 European Radar Conference.

[18]  N. Levanon.  Multifrequency complementary phase-coded radar signal , 2000 .

[19]  Edward M. Hofstetter,et al.  On the design of optimum radar waveforms for clutter rejection , 1967, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[20]  A. W. Rihaczek.  Principles of high-resolution radar , 1969 .

[21]  P. Woodward,et al.  Probability and information theory , 2004 .

[22]  Jeffrey M. Speiser.  Wide-band ambiguity functions (Corresp.) , 1967, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[23]  S. Weinstein,et al.  Data Transmission by Frequency-Division Multiplexing Using the Discrete Fourier Transform , 1971 .

[24]  Orhan Arikan,et al.  Time-frequency waveform synthesis using a least-squares approach , 1990, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[25]  E. J. Kelly,et al.  Matched-Filter Theory for High-Velocity, Accelerating Targets , 1965, IEEE Transactions on Military Electronics.

[26]  Rudolf de Buda,et al.  Signals that can be calculated from their ambiguity function , 1970, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[27]  Zhen-Biao Lin.  Wideband ambiguity function of broadband signals , 1988 .

[28]  Mark R. Bell,et al.  Diversity Waveform Sets for Delay-Doppler Imaging , 1998, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[29]  M. Nayebi,et al.  Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing radar signal design with optimised ambiguity function and low peak-to-average power ratio , 2009 .

[30]  P. M. Woodward.  RADAR AMBIGUITY ANALYSIS , 1967 .

[31]  Philip M. Woodward,et al.  Probability and Information Theory with Applications to Radar , 1954 .

[32]  Ashish Pandharipande,et al.  Principles of OFDM , 2002 .

[33]  Irina Gladkova,et al.  On a new extension of Wilcox's method , 2004 .

[34]  M. Leonard Bryan.  Interpretation of an urban scene using multi-channel radar imagery , 1975 .

[35]  Charles A. Stutt,et al.  A 'best' mismatched filter response for radar clutter discrimination , 1968, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[36]  Daniel R. Fuhrmann,et al.  MIMO Radar Ambiguity Functions , 2006, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.