Motion controllers for learners to manipulate and interact with 3D objects for mental rotation training

Mental rotation is an important spatial processing ability and an important element in intelligence tests. However, the majority of past attempts at training mental rotation have used paper-and-pencil tests or digital images. This study proposes an innovative mental rotation training approach using magnetic motion controllers to allow learners to manipulate and interact with three-dimensional ( 3D) objects. Stereovision allows learners to perceive the spatial geometric form of a 3D object. This approach allows learners to perceive 3D objects in space through stereovision and make mental rotation visible from each intrinsic and invisible mental rotation step using motion-interaction methods. This study examines the effects of user training performance and perceptions. The results indicate that the proposed approach can improve user mental rotation ability effectively. Learners expressed high degrees of concentration toward the mechanism that included direct control and immediate feedback. The results also suggest that female testers perceive greater degrees of playfulness toward the mechanism and improve more through training than male testers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[1]  Denis Cousineau,et al.  Outliers detection and treatment: a review , 2010 .

[2]  Young-Gul Kim,et al.  Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context , 2000, Inf. Manag..

[3]  Marylène Gagné,et al.  Understanding e-learning continuance intention in the workplace: A self-determination theory perspective , 2008, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[4]  J. Bruner.  The act of discovery. , 1961 .

[5]  P. Jansen-Osmann,et al.  Manual training of mental rotation in children , 2008 .

[6]  S. Vandenberg,et al.  Mental Rotations, a Group Test of Three-Dimensional Spatial Visualization , 1978, Perceptual and motor skills.

[7]  Chwen Jen Chen,et al.  The design, development and evaluation of a virtual reality based learning environment , 2006 .

[8]  Self-Concept Variables.  Sex Differences in , 2016 .

[9]  Carolina Cruz-Neira,et al.  Surround-Screen Projection-Based Virtual Reality: The Design and Implementation of the CAVE , 2023 .

[10]  Barney Dalgarno,et al.  Interpretations of constructivism and consequences for Computer Assisted Learning , 2001, Br. J. Educ. Technol..

[11]  Susan D. Voyer,et al.  Magnitude of sex differences in spatial abilities: a meta-analysis and consideration of critical variables. , 1995, Psychological bulletin.

[12]  L. Barnett,et al.  Playfulness: Definition, design, and measurement. , 1990 .

[13]  S. Muncer,et al.  On Mental Rotation in Three Dimensions , 1997, Perceptual and motor skills.

[14]  Ahmad Rafi,et al.  Practising mental rotation using interactive Desktop Mental Rotation Trainer (iDeMRT) , 2009, Br. J. Educ. Technol..

[15]  R. Shepard,et al.  Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects , 1971, Science.

[16]  L. Cooper.  Demonstration of a mental analog of an external rotation , 1976 .

[17]  Azniah Ismail,et al.  On Improving Spatial Ability Through Computer-Mediated Engineering Drawing Instruction , 2006, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..

[18]  R. de Lisi,et al.  Improving Children's Mental Rotation Accuracy With Computer Game Playing , 2002, The Journal of genetic psychology.

[19]  D. Voyer.  Time limits and gender differences on paper-and-pencil tests of mental rotation: a meta-analysis , 2011, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[20]  J. Galen Buckwalter,et al.  Sex differences in mental rotation and spatial rotation in a virtual environment , 2004, Neuropsychologia.

[21]  M. Linn,et al.  Emergence and characterization of sex differences in spatial ability: a meta-analysis. , 1985, Child development.

[22]  Francesca Pazzaglia,et al.  Following the instructions!: Effects of gender beliefs in mental rotation , 2006 .

[23]  RocaJuan Carlos,et al.  Understanding e-learning continuance intention in the workplace , 2008 .

[24]  Joseph J. Martocchio,et al.  MICROCOMPUTER USAGE AS AN OPPORTUNITY: THE INFLUENCE OF CONTEXT IN EMPLOYEE TRAINING , 2006 .

[25]  Andrew E. Johnson,et al.  NICE: combining constructionism, narrative and collaboration in a virtual learning environment , 1997, COMG.

[26]  P. Jolicoeur,et al.  A Solution to the Effect of Sample Size on Outlier Elimination , 1994 .

[27]  Albert H. Segars,et al.  Exploring the theoretical foundations of playfulness in computer interactions , 2002, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[28]  Fred D. Davis,et al.  User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models , 1989 .

[29]  M. S. Masters,et al.  Is the gender difference in mental rotation disappearing? , 1993, Behavior genetics.