Effect of wind on seismic exploration random noise on land: Modeling and analyzing

Abstract Random noise is a key factor which impacts the Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) of seismic records, and its interference without regularity makes seismic data process difficult. It is a first requirement for noise attenuation to know how random noise generated. Since the main effect of wind on seismic noise, we model wind-induced noise by wind induced vibration theory, aeroacoustics and wave equation, and analyze the influencing factors which cause the differences of noise in the desert in Tarim basin, the loess tableland in northern Shaanxi, the mountain land in Yunnan and the forest belt in north in China in this paper. There are wind speed, surface roughness, terrain, and vegetation. The greater the wind speed, the rougher the surface, the higher and the steeper the mountain, the more the vegetations and the thinner the branches and leaves of vegetations, the greater the amplitude and the frequency of wind-induced noise is. The simulated results explain the differences of wind induced noise in different areas. It lays a foundation for random noise attenuation both in data acquisition and data processing.

[1]  F. Cotton,et al.  The nature of noise wavefield and its applications for site effects studies A literature review , 2006 .

[2]  A. Kareem.  Fluctuating Wind Loads on Buildings , 1982 .

[3]  H. S. Ward,et al.  Wind-induced vibrations and building modes , 1966 .

[4]  M. Lighthill.  On sound generated aerodynamically I. General theory , 1952, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[5]  Peter A. Taylor,et al.  Guidelines for airflow over complex terrain: model developments , 2000 .

[6]  Daniel A. Russell,et al.  Acoustic monopoles, dipoles, and quadrupoles: An experiment revisited , 1999 .

[7]  Nam-Ho Kyong,et al.  An experimental and numerical study on the flow over two-dimensional hills , 1997 .

[8]  D. L. Hawkings,et al.  Sound generation by turbulence and surfaces in arbitrary motion , 1969, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[9]  D. Bourg.  Physics for Game Developers , 2001 .

[10]  V. C. Patel,et al.  Numerical simulation of wind flow over hilly terrain , 2000 .

[11]  M. Lighthill.  On sound generated aerodynamically II. Turbulence as a source of sound , 1954, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[12]  Eric P. Chael,et al.  A comparison of the high-frequency (>1 Hz) surface and subsurface noise environment at three sites in the United States , 1996 .

[13]  C. Baker,et al.  A dynamic analysis of windthrow of trees , 2000 .

[14]  Z. Der,et al.  Earth Motion Caused by Local Atmospheric Pressure Changes , 2010 .

[15]  Donat Fäh,et al.  H/V ratio: a tool for site effects evaluation. Results from 1-D noise simulations , 2006 .

[16]  R. P. Goel.  Transverse vibrations of tapered beams , 1976 .

[17]  M. Shinozuka,et al.  Digital simulation of random processes and its applications , 1972 .

[18]  J. E. Ffowcs Williams.  The Acoustic Analogy—Thirty Years On , 1984 .