Natural convection through rectangular openings in partitions—1: Vertical partitions
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The simple basic theory of natural convection across openings in vertical partitions has been generalized to include both heat and mass transfer. Experiments were carried out in a large heat-flow apparatus with openings from 3 to 12 in high and with air as the convecting fluid. Because of the high thermal resistance of the partition, the test results for the Nusselt number as a function of the Grashof number based on opening height in the range 106 < Gr < 108 would also be expected to be directly applicable to mass transfer.
[1] John Edward Emswiler,et al. The neutral zone in ventilation , 1926 .