Assessment of the consistency of near‐infrared water vapor line intensities using high‐spectral‐resolution ground‐based Fourier transform measurements of solar radiation

[1] Calculations of the absorption of solar radiation by atmospheric gases, and water vapor in particular, are dependent on the quality of databases of spectral line parameters. There has been increasing scrutiny of databases such as HITRAN in recent years, but this has mostly been performed on a band-by-band basis. We report nine high-spectral-resolution (0.03 cm−1) measurements of the solar radiation reaching the surface in southern England over the wave number range 2000 to 12,500 cm−1 (0.8 to 5 μm) that allow a unique assessment of the consistency of the spectral line databases over this entire spectral region. The data are assessed in terms of the modeled water vapor column that is required to bring calculations and observations into agreement; for an entirely consistent database, this water vapor column should be constant with frequency. For the HITRAN01 database, the spread in water vapor column is about 11%, with distinct shifts between different spectral regions. The HITRAN04 database is in significantly better agreement (about 5% spread) in the completely updated 3000 to 8000 cm−1 spectral region, but inconsistencies between individual spectral regions remain: for example, in the 8000 to 9500 cm−1 spectral region, the results indicate an 18% (±1%) underestimate in line intensities with respect to the 3000 to 8000 cm−1 region. These measurements also indicate the impact of isotopic fractionation of water vapor in the 2500 to 2900 cm−1 range, where HDO lines dominate over the lines of the most abundant isotope of H2O.

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