Study of the packing of double-walled carbon nanotubes into bundles by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction

The structure of bundles of double-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized by catalytic chemical vapour deposition is investigated using transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Small and well-crystallized bundles are observed and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction and display particular features that reveal unambiguously the presence of double-walled nanotubes constituting the bundles. Other remarkable results are obtained focusing our interest on the rings of double-walled nanotube bundles. The experimental results are analysed with the help of the kinematical theory of diffraction. We conclude this study by the discussion of the growth mechanism of these bundles.

[1]  Hongwei Zhu,et al.  Preparation of highly pure double-walled carbon nanotubes , 2003 .

[2]  Ying Liang,et al.  Controllable growth of double wall carbon nanotubes in a floating catalytic system , 2003 .

[3]  Wenzhi Li,et al.  Clean double-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized by CVD , 2003 .

[4]  Jean-Christophe Charlier,et al.  Microscopic mechanisms for the catalyst assisted growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes , 2002 .

[5]  Feng Li,et al.  Morphology, diameter distribution and Raman scattering measurements of double-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized by catalytic decomposition of methane , 2002 .

[6]  Ying Liang,et al.  Double wall carbon nanotubes promoted by sulfur in a floating iron catalyst CVD system , 2002 .

[7]  P. Lambin,et al.  Electron diffraction and microscopy of single-wall carbon nanotube bundles produced by different methods , 2002 .

[8]  F. Ducastelle,et al.  Root-growth mechanism for single-wall carbon nanotubes. , 2001, Physical review letters.

[9]  E. Flahaut,et al.  A study of the formation of single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes by a CVD method. , 2001 .

[10]  D. Zakharov,et al.  Double-walled carbon nanotubes fabricated by a hydrogen arc discharge method , 2001 .

[11]  Masako Yudasaka,et al.  Raman scattering study of double-wall carbon nanotubes derived from the chains of fullerenes in single-wall carbon nanotubes , 2001 .

[12]  P. Bernier,et al.  Study of the symmetry of single-wall nanotubes by electron diffraction , 2000 .

[13]  S. Amelinckx,et al.  Electron diffraction and microscopy of nanotubes , 1999 .

[14]  P. Avouris,et al.  Ring Formation in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes , 1999 .

[15]  L. Henrard,et al.  Diffraction by finite-size crystalline bundles of single wall nanotubes , 1999 .

[16]  Phaedon Avouris,et al.  Rings of single-walled carbon nanotubes , 1999, Nature.

[17]  W. K. Maser,et al.  Large-scale production of single-walled carbon nanotubes by the electric-arc technique , 1997, Nature.

[18]  Young Hee Lee,et al.  Crystalline Ropes of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes , 1996, Science.

[19]  Riichiro Saito,et al.  Electronic structure of chiral graphene tubules , 1992 .

[20]  White,et al.  Are fullerene tubules metallic? , 1992, Physical review letters.

[21]  S. Iijima.  Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon , 1991, Nature.

[22]  Emmanuel Flahaut,et al.  Synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotube–Co–MgO composite powders and extraction of the nanotubes , 2000 .

[23]  A. Charlier,et al.  Classification for double-walled carbon nanotubes , 1999 .

[24]  H. Dai,et al.  Fullerene 'crop circles' , 1997, Nature.

[25]  T. Ebbesen,et al.  Exceptionally high Young's modulus observed for individual carbon nanotubes , 1996, Nature.