Super-resolution image reconstruction for high-density 3D single-molecule microscopy

Single-molecule localization based super-resolution microscopy achieves sub-diffraction-limit spatial resolution by localizing a sparse subset of stochastically activated emitters in each frame. Its temporal resolution, however, is constrained by the maximal density of activated emitters that can be successfully reconstructed. The state-of-the-art three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction algorithm based on compressed sensing suffers from high computational complexity and gridding error due to model mismatch. In this paper, we propose a novel super-resolution algorithm for 3D image reconstruction, dubbed TVSTORM, which promotes the sparsity of activated emitters without discretizing their locations. Several strategies are pursued to improve the reconstruction quality under the Poisson noise model, and reduce the computational time by an order-of-magnitude. Simulation results are provided to validate the favorable performance of the proposed algorithm.

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