Fiber optic manganese ions sensor using SPR and nanocomposite of ZnO–polypyrrole

Abstract Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based fiber optic sensor for the detection of manganese ions (Mn 2+ ) in aqueous medium using the coating of (ZnO (1 −  x ) PPy x ), i.e. nanocomposite of polypyrrole (PPy) and zinc oxide (ZnO) over silver (Ag) coated unclad core of the fiber is presented. The change in dielectric constant of (ZnO (1 −  x ) PPy x ) by Mn 2+ in aqueous atmosphere is used as the working principle. A red shift of the SPR spectrum in the presence of Mn 2+ occurs due to its strong interaction to the sensing surface and the surface plasmon wave. The shift in resonance wavelength depends on the composition ratio ‘ x ’ of ZnO (1 −  x ) PPy x . The sensor is highly specific/selective toward Mn 2+ . Due to paramagnetic nature of Mn 2+ , it induces extreme toxicity in drinking water. The performance of the sensor is best for the low concentrations of Mn 2+ and its sensitivity decreases with the increase in the concentration of Mn 2+ . The sensor has many other advantages such as low cost, capability of online monitoring and remote sensing because of fabrication of probe on optical fiber.

[1]  B. D. Gupta,et al.  Surface plasmon resonance-based fiber optic hydrogen sulphide gas sensor utilizing Cu-ZnO thin films. , 2013, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[2]  Shaopeng Wang,et al.  Detection of heavy metal ions in water by high-resolution surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy combined with anodic stripping voltammetry. , 2007, Analytical chemistry.

[3]  W. Mahmood Mat Yunus,et al.  Characterization of the Optical Properties of Heavy Metal Ions Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique , 2011 .

[4]  Saulius Juodkazis,et al.  Versatile SERS sensing based on black silicon. , 2015, Optics express.

[5]  B. D. Gupta,et al.  Surface plasmon resonance-based fiber-optic hydrogen gas sensor utilizing palladium supported zinc oxide multilayers and their nanocomposite. , 2015, Applied optics.

[6]  Banshi D. Gupta,et al.  Fabrication and characterization of a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic pH sensor utilizing high index layer and smart hydrogel , 2012 .

[7]  N. Yusof,et al.  Surface Plasmon Resonance Optical Sensor for Detection of Essential Heavy Metal Ions with Potential for Toxicity: Copper, Zinc and Manganese Ions , 2011 .

[8]  M. Aghaie,et al.  Manganese(II) Ion-Selective Membrane Electrode Based on N-(2-picolinamido ethyl)-Picolinamide as Neutral Carrier , 2010 .

[9]  Roli Verma,et al.  Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan. , 2015, Food chemistry.

[10]  Li-ping Zhu,et al.  Realization of band-gap engineering of ZnO thin films via Ca alloying , 2013 .

[11]  Tapanendu Kundu,et al.  Development of evanescent wave absorbance-based fibre-optic biosensor , 2010 .

[12]  B. Bleaney,et al.  The paramagnetic resonance spectra of two salts of manganese , 1951, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[13]  M. Michels,et al.  Understanding the doping dependence of the conductivity of conjugated polymers: Dominant role of the increasing density of states and growing delocalization , 2003 .

[14]  R. Galatus,et al.  Sensors based on surface plasmon resonance in a plastic optical fiber for the detection of trinitrotoluene , 2013 .

[15]  Banshi D. Gupta,et al.  Fiber optic SPR sensor for the detection of 3-pyridinecarboxamide (vitamin B3) using molecularly imprinted hydrogel , 2013 .

[16]  G. D’Agostino,et al.  High selectivity and sensitivity sensor based on MIP and SPR in tapered plastic optical fibers for the detection of l-nicotine , 2014 .