The Maintenance and Regulation of the Humoral Immune Response: Persisting Antigen and the Role of Follicular Antigen‐Binding Dendritic Cells as Accessory Cells

The evidence indicating that antigen can persist for months or years in the spleens and draining lymph nodes of immunized animals is persuasive. This retained antigen Is almost exclusively, if not exclusively, associated with processes of dendritic cells in the follicles of these lymphoid organs (reviewed in this volume by Mandel et al. 1980), However, the role persisting antigen plays, once an immune response has been initiated, is open to question. It has been suggested that persisting antigen and specific antibody are the major components in an antibody feedback system which maintains and regulates antibody levels in vivo (Richter et al. 1965, Britton & MoUer 1968, Bystryn et at, 1971, Weigle 1975). It is well known that no additional antigen is required to maintain circulating antibody levels in hyperimmunized animals. Even when large volumes of blood are removed, antibody levels soon return to their previous levels. TTiis phenomenon might be explained by assuming that persisting antigen is unable to stimulate antibody synthesis

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