Utrymning och tekniska installationer i vägtunnlar med dubbelriktad trafik

The report provides an overview of human behaviour in tunnel fires in single tube road tunnels. The behaviour is linked to the concept of a behaviour sequences presented by Canter et al. (1980). The main focus has been to present relevant research and findings provided in accident investigation reports mainly for long and steep sub-sea tunnels designed according to the self-rescue principle. Research on technical installations in the tunnel related to assisting the decision making for road users in the case of fire is presented and put into the behaviour sequence context. The need for information and knowledge prior to an accident is highlighted as are the principles for communication during the accident. The report also discusses the benefit from current installations and suggests alternative installations that may be installed in new tunnels and when upgrading existing tunnels. An early detection of a fire is most important in order to provide information to road users in a tunnel. Installations providing guidance to road users shall be designed to meet the need of information for the users depending on their location. The need for further research and development is presented. Suggestions for improving the self-rescue capability of road users in the Ellingsoytunnelen and Valderoytunnelen in Alesund, Norway, are presented. (Less)