Internally coherent spatial memories in a mammal

CHILDREN aged 3.5–4.0 years were shown objects being hidden in three different locations in a rectangular environment, were disoriented to disable dead reckoning, and were asked without feedback where each object was. Results showed that children's spatial memories were internally coherent: the locations subjects chose were in a correct spatial configuration relative to one another as well as to environmental geometry, despite the fact that the environment's symmetry would have revealed any individual binding of memory for object positions to local environmental features. This finding of internal coherence in the spatial representation of one mammal is discussed relative to neural and behavioral findings on navigation and spatial memory in mammals more generally.

[1]  E. Spelke,et al.  Modularity and development: the case of spatial reorientation , 1996, Cognition.

[2]  A S Etienne,et al.  Path integration in mammals and its interaction with visual landmarks. , 1996, The Journal of experimental biology.

[3]  L Seress,et al.  Morphological variability and developmental aspects of monkey and human granule cells: differences between the rodent and primate dentate gyrus. , 1992, Epilepsy research. Supplement.

[4]  J. B. Ranck,et al.  Spatial firing patterns of hippocampal complex-spike cells in a fixed environment , 1987, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[5]  Sherry,et al.  Behavioural and neural bases of orientation in food-storing birds , 1996, The Journal of experimental biology.

[6]  P. Ioale,et al.  Homing pigeons, hippocampus and spatial cognition , 1995 .

[7]  Elizabeth S. Spelke,et al.  A geometric process for spatial reorientation in young children , 1994, Nature.

[8]  R. Passingham The hippocampus as a cognitive map J. O'Keefe & L. Nadel, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1978). 570 pp., £25.00 , 1979, Neuroscience.

[9]  B L McNaughton,et al.  Dynamics of the hippocampal ensemble code for space. , 1993, Science.

[10]  J. Taube Head direction cells recorded in the anterior thalamic nuclei of freely moving rats , 1995, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[11]  B. McNaughton,et al.  Place cells, head direction cells, and the learning of landmark stability , 1995, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[12]  J S Taube,et al.  Preferential use of the landmark navigational system by head direction cells in rats. , 1995, Behavioral neuroscience.

[13]  R. Muller,et al.  Firing properties of hippocampal neurons in a visually symmetrical environment: contributions of multiple sensory cues and mnemonic processes , 1990, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[14]  J. O’Keefe,et al.  Geometric determinants of the place fields of hippocampal neurons , 1996, Nature.

[15]  C. Gallistel,et al.  Heading in the rat: Determination by environmental shape , 1988 .

[16]  David A. Bengtson,et al.  Growth, survival and size-selective predation mortality of larval and juvenile inland silversides, Menidia beryllina (Pisces; Atherinidae) , 1996 .

[17]  K. Cheng A purely geometric module in the rat's spatial representation , 1986, Cognition.

[18]  Lynn Nadel,et al.  Multiple Memory Systems: What and Why , 1992, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.