Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis 1

©RSNA, 2016 History A 73-year-old woman with no remarkable medical history presented with dyspnea. She was a lifetime nonsmoker and had no family history of lung disease. Pulmonary function test results indicated a restrictive pattern characterized by decreased forced vital capacity, decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second, decreased total lung capacity, and a normal to increased forced expiratory volume in 1 second–to–forced vital capacity ratio. Findings on chest radiographs and computed tomographic (CT) images were consistent with interstitial lung disease. The patient underwent open lung biopsy, and histopathologic analysis results confirmed a diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM). Initially, her symptoms were managed well with continuous oxygen supplementation. However, a few years later, they began to progress: Her functional status began to decline substantially as her oxygen requirement increased. She underwent preoperative assessment for lung transplantation.

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