Solitons in Radiophysics

Some applied aspects of solitary electromagnetic waves-solitons-are briefly outlined. A modified definition of a soliton is proposed. The recent results of experimental investigations of solitons in radiofrequency lines are presented including the observation of bound states, stochastic ensembles of solitons, soliton lattices, etc. Realizations of parametric generators of impulses, systems of multivalue logic and communication systems based on solitons are described as well as the use of nonlinear artifical lines for the analogue modelling of nonlinear wave equations. The possible parameters of solitons in the submillimeter and optical ranges are discussed for different cases (semiconductor plasma, excitations in solid lattices, optical fibers, liquids, etc.).

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