Energy efficient all-to-all broadcasting for situation awareness in wireless ad hoc networks

Ad hoc wireless networks have nodes with limited battery power and energy efficient communications are critical in such networks. In this paper, we consider energy efficient one-to-all and all-to-all broadcast operations in ad hoc networks. It is assumed that nodes have power control, and therefore, can adjust the range of their transmissions. Given a network of N nodes in a playing field of size D × D, we first establish a lower bound and then present a simple scheme for one-to-all broadcast operation. Using simulations we show that the average energy cost of broadcasting from any source is within 25% of this lower bound in a network of 100 nodes in small fields of size 500 m × 500 m and 1000 m × 1000 m. In the situation awareness application, each node periodically transmits a small packet of 60 bytes to all other nodes in the network. For this all-to-all broadcast communication, we present a cluster scheme when nodes are allowed to transmit long distances, and a chain-based scheme when nodes are limited to only short distances. Our schemes for situation awareness significantly improve the life of the network compared to a scheme with direct transmissions.

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