Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites: A Review

The article summarizes the state of the art in carbon-reinforced geopolymers. It takes into consideration various types of matrices and types of carbon fibers (CFs). The article shows the growing importance of this composite in the investigation conducted in recent years. Today, it is one of the most promising modern research areas, taking into account the decrease in the prices of CFs and their appearance on the market waste-based CFs, as well as research on new methods of producing CFs from sustainable precursors. The research methods applied in the article are critical analyses of the literature. The results of the literature analysis are discussed in a comparative context, including production methods and the influence of CFs on geopolymer properties. The potential applications for carbon fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites are shown. Additionally, the current research challenges for geopolymer composites reinforced by CFs are presented.

[1]  K. Korniejenko,et al.  An Overview for Modern Energy-Efficient Solutions for Lunar and Martian Habitats Made Based on Geopolymers Composites and 3D Printing Technology , 2022, Energies.

[2]  Fatheali A Shilar,et al.  Advancement of nano-based construction materials-A review , 2022, Construction and Building Materials.

[3]  Mohd Fathullah Ghazali,et al.  Geopolymer Ceramic Application: A Review on Mix Design, Properties and Reinforcement Enhancement , 2022, Materials.

[4]  A. Ogale,et al.  Carbon fibers derived from liquefied and fractionated poplar lignins: The effect of molecular weight , 2022, iScience.

[5]  Bassam A. Tayeh,et al.  3D printed geopolymer composites: A review , 2022, Materials Today Sustainability.

[6]  H. Xiang,et al.  Continuously processing waste lignin into high-value carbon nanotube fibers , 2022, Nature Communications.

[7]  F. Aslani,et al.  Effect of Carbon Fibres on Electromagnetic-Interference-Shielding Properties of Geopolymer Composites , 2022, Polymers.

[8]  P. Louda,et al.  Modifying geopolymer wettability by plasma treatment and high-carbon fly ash , 2022, Frontiers in Built Environment.

[9]  J. Liu,et al.  Properties of Fiber-Reinforced One-Part Geopolymers: A Review , 2022, Polymers.

[10]  P. Louda,et al.  Biological Activities on Geopolymeric and Ordinary Concretes , 2022, Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences.

[11]  T. Ozbakkaloglu,et al.  Sustainability benefits and commercialization challenges and strategies of geopolymer concrete: A review , 2022, Journal of Building Engineering.

[12]  Hazizan Md. Akil,et al.  A Review on Recycling of Carbon Fibres: Methods to Reinforce and Expected Fibre Composite Degradations , 2022, Materials.

[13]  V. Mechtcherine,et al.  Bond behavior of polymer- and mineral-impregnated carbon fiber yarns towards concrete matrices at elevated temperature levels , 2022, Cement and Concrete Composites.

[14]  Rabar H. Faraj,et al.  Geopolymer concrete as a cleaner construction material: An overview on materials and structural performances , 2022, Cleaner Materials.

[15]  S. Samal Anisotropic Heat Transfer in Plane of Carbon Fabrics Reinforced Geopolymer Composite , 2022, Applied Sciences.

[16]  M. Yin,et al.  Modulation of electromagnetic absorption and shielding properties of geopolymer nanocomposites by designing core–shell structure of carbon nanotubes , 2022, Ceramics International.

[17]  Ghasan Fahim Huseien,et al.  A state-of-the-art review on fibre-reinforced geopolymer composites , 2022, Construction and Building Materials.

[18]  Chunshun Yuan,et al.  Carbon-Based Fibers: Fabrication, Characterization and Application , 2022, Advanced Fiber Materials.

[19]  Z. Jia,et al.  Preparation of antimicrobial activated carbon fiber for adsorption , 2022, Journal of Porous Materials.

[20]  G. Lazorenko,et al.  Geopolymer additive manufacturing: A review , 2022, Additive Manufacturing.

[21]  S. Sapuan,et al.  Recent applications of carbon-based composites in defence industry: A review , 2022, Defence Technology.

[22]  M. Amran,et al.  Fire resistance of geopolymer concrete: A critical review , 2022, Construction and Building Materials.

[23]  P. Louda,et al.  Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Geopolymer Foams (GFs) Doped with By-Products of the Secondary Aluminum Industry , 2022, Polymers.

[24]  P. Louda,et al.  The Influence of the Material Structure on the Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Composites Reinforced with Short Fibers Obtained with Additive Technologies , 2022, International journal of molecular sciences.

[25]  P. Louda,et al.  Low-Density Geopolymer Composites for the Construction Industry , 2022, Polymers.

[26]  M. Hebda,et al.  Fracture Behavior of Long Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Composites at Different Operating Temperatures , 2022, Materials.

[27]  S. Hadigheh,et al.  Durability design criteria for the hybrid carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP)-reinforced geopolymer concrete bridges , 2022, Structures.

[28]  Wanshuang Liu,et al.  Enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding performance of geopolymer nanocomposites by incorporating carbon nanotubes with controllable silica shell , 2021, Ceramics International.

[29]  Q. Frayyeh,et al.  The Effect of Adding Fibers on Dry Shrinkage of Geopolymer Concrete , 2021, Civil Engineering Journal.

[30]  M. Amran,et al.  Fiber-reinforced alkali-activated concrete: A review , 2021, Journal of Building Engineering.

[31]  J. Almer,et al.  Chemo‐mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced geopolymer interphase , 2021, Journal of the American Ceramic Society.

[32]  A. Castel,et al.  Development and Characterization of Lightweight Geopolymer Composite Reinforced with Hybrid Carbon and Steel Fibers , 2021, Materials.

[33]  F. Sultanov,et al.  The recent progress in pitch derived carbon fibers applications. A Review , 2021 .

[34]  M. Hebda,et al.  Mechanical and Fracture Properties of Long Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Composites , 2021, Materials.

[35]  K. Korniejenko,et al.  The Influence of Short Coir, Glass and Carbon Fibers on the Properties of Composites with Geopolymer Matrix , 2021, Materials.

[36]  B. Dong,et al.  Investigation of Graphene Derivatives on Electrical Properties of Alkali Activated Slag Composites , 2021, Materials.

[37]  V. Mechtcherine,et al.  Role of sizing agent on the microstructure morphology and mechanical properties of mineral-impregnated carbon-fiber (MCF) reinforcement made with geopolymers , 2021 .

[38]  N. Vatin,et al.  Long-Term Properties of Different Fiber Reinforcement Effect on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Composite , 2021, Crystals.

[39]  M. Łach Geopolymer Foams—Will They Ever Become a Viable Alternative to Popular Insulation Materials?—A Critical Opinion , 2021, Materials.

[40]  Michal Petrů,et al.  Geopolymers and Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Composites in Civil Engineering , 2021, Polymers.

[41]  Chunhong Lu,et al.  Lignin-Based High-Performance Fibers by Textile Spinning Techniques , 2021, Materials.

[42]  H. Xiang,et al.  Lignin-based carbon fibers: Formation, modification and potential applications , 2021 .

[43]  I. Blanco,et al.  An Application Review of Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer Composite , 2021 .

[44]  P. Louda,et al.  Investigation on Flexural Behavior of Geopolymer-Based Carbon Textile/Basalt Fiber Hybrid Composite , 2021, Polymers.

[45]  Khatib Zada Farhan,et al.  Impact of fiber reinforcements on properties of geopolymer composites: A review , 2021 .

[46]  Z. Su,et al.  Recent advances in carbon nanotube-geopolymer composite , 2020 .

[47]  Q. Xie,et al.  Development of pitch-based carbon fibers: a review , 2020 .

[48]  A. Rashad Effect of steel fibers on geopolymer properties – The best synopsis for civil engineer , 2020 .

[49]  Kinga Korniejenko,et al.  Geopolymers reinforced by short and long fibres – innovative materials for additive manufacturing , 2020 .

[50]  S. Kuciel,et al.  Bio-Based Polyethylene Composites with Natural Fiber: Mechanical, Thermal, and Ageing Properties , 2020, Materials.

[51]  Shu Yan,et al.  Synthesis and mechanical properties of lightweight hybrid geopolymer foams reinforced with carbon nanotubes , 2020, International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology.

[52]  Shu Yan,et al.  Mechanical properties of geopolymer composite foams reinforced with carbon nanofibers via modified hydrogen peroxide method , 2020 .

[53]  Guowei Ma,et al.  Mechanical improvement of continuous steel microcable reinforced geopolymer composites for 3D printing subjected to different loading conditions , 2020 .

[54]  J. Labrincha,et al.  Geopolymer foams: An overview of recent advancements , 2020 .

[55]  J. Šliseris,et al.  Long-Term Deformation Properties of a Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Alkali-Activated Cement Composite , 2020, Mechanics of Composite Materials.

[56]  Navid Ranjbar,et al.  Fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites: A review , 2020, Cement and Concrete Composites.

[57]  Kinga Korniejenko,et al.  Mechanical Properties of Short Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymers Made by Casted and 3D Printing Methods: A Comparative Study , 2020, Materials.

[58]  H. L. Chi,et al.  FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VARIOUS CARBON FIBRE FABRIC REINFORCED GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITE , 2020, Ceramics - Silikaty.

[59]  H. L. Chi,et al.  GEOPOLYMERS WITH CARBON OR BASALT GRIDS AND INCORPORATED MGO NANOPARTICLES FOR SHIELDING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION , 2020, NANOCON 2019 Conference Proeedings.

[60]  M. Naebe,et al.  PAN precursor fabrication, applications and thermal stabilization process in carbon fiber production: Experimental and mathematical modelling , 2020 .

[61]  M. Collins,et al.  Carbon fibres from renewable resources: the role of the lignin molecular structure in its blendability with biobased poly(ethylene terephthalate) , 2019, Green Chemistry.

[62]  P. Rovnaník,et al.  ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF FLY ASH GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITES WITH GRAPHITE CONDUCTIVE ADMIXTURES , 2019, Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings.

[63]  Z. Masek,et al.  The effect of carbon fiber plasma treatment on the wettability and interlaminar shear strength of geopolymer composite , 2019, Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society.

[64]  R. Aswathi,et al.  Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete , 2019 .

[65]  C. Leiva,et al.  Carbon fiber waste incorporation in blast furnace slag geopolymer-composites , 2018, Materials Letters.

[66]  A. Rashad The effect of polypropylene, polyvinyl-alcohol, carbon and glass fibres on geopolymers properties , 2018, Materials Science and Technology.

[67]  Kerstin Jedvert,et al.  Improved yield of carbon fibres from cellulose and kraft lignin , 2018, Holzforschung.

[68]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  Effects of fiber contents on the mechanical and microwave absorbent properties of carbon fiber felt reinforced geopolymer composites , 2018, Ceramics International.

[69]  Faiz Shaikh,et al.  Behaviour of Carbon and Basalt Fibres Reinforced Fly Ash Geopolymer at Elevated Temperatures , 2018 .

[70]  Savaş Erdem,et al.  Mechanical and microstructural characterization of fiber reinforced fly ash based geopolymer composites , 2018 .

[71]  D. Wattanasiriwech,et al.  Preparation of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Metakaolin Based-Geopolymer Foams , 2018 .

[72]  J. Militký,et al.  Microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon microfiber reinforced geopolymers at elevated temperatures , 2018 .

[73]  P. Chindaprasirt,et al.  Effects of carbon fiber on mechanical and electrical properties of fly ash geopolymer composite , 2018 .

[74]  Xiaodong Wang,et al.  Surface decoration of polyimide fiber with carbon nanotubes and its application for mechanical enhancement of phosphoric acid-based geopolymers , 2017 .

[75]  G. Zeng,et al.  Biodegradation of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, and Their Derivatives. , 2017, Trends in biotechnology.

[76]  X. Liu,et al.  High efficient and continuous surface modification of carbon fibers with improved tensile strength and interfacial adhesion , 2017 .

[77]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  In situ processing of MWCNTs/leucite composites through geopolymer precursor , 2017 .

[78]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  Effects of high-temperature heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical performance of hybrid Cf-SiCf-(Al2O3p) reinforced geopolymer composites , 2017 .

[79]  P. Chindaprasirt,et al.  Electrical conductivity and compressive strength of carbon fiber reinforced fly ash geopolymeric composites , 2017 .

[80]  Yu Zhou,et al.  Effects of graphite on the mechanical and microwave absorption properties of geopolymer based composites , 2017 .

[81]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  Preparation and in-situ high-temperature mechanical properties of Cf-SiCf reinforced geopolymer composites , 2017 .

[82]  M. Armayani,et al.  The Properties of Nano Silver (Ag)-Geopolymer as Antibacterial Composite for Functional Surface Materials , 2017 .

[83]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  Preparation and mechanical performance of Cf-SiCf-(Al2O3p) reinforced geopolymer composites , 2017 .

[84]  G. Khalaj,et al.  Microstructure and mechanical properties of a metakaolinite-based geopolymer nanocomposite reinforced with carbon nanotubes , 2016 .

[85]  P. Rovnaník,et al.  Carbon nanotube reinforced alkali-activated slag mortars , 2016 .

[86]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  SiC fiber reinforced geopolymer composites, part 2: Continuous SiC fiber , 2016 .

[87]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  Effect of fiber content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon fiber felt reinforced geopolymer composites , 2016 .

[88]  Waltraud M. Kriven,et al.  Properties of Geopolymer Composites Reinforced with Basalt Chopped Strand Mat or Woven Fabric , 2016 .

[89]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  SiC fiber reinforced geopolymer composites, part 1: Short SiC fiber , 2016 .

[90]  Haiyan Zhang,et al.  Experimental Study on High Temperature Properties of Carbon Fiber Sheets Strengthened Concrete Cylinders Using Geopolymer as Adhesive , 2016 .

[91]  K. Vallons,et al.  Correlation of microstructure and mechanical properties of various fabric reinforced geo-polymer composites after exposure to elevated temperature , 2015 .

[92]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  In situ fabrication and characterization of graphene/geopolymer composites , 2015 .

[93]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Graphene nanoplatelet-fly ash based geopolymer composites , 2015 .

[94]  V. Kodur,et al.  Characterizing the bond strength of geopolymers at ambient and elevated temperatures , 2015 .

[95]  Venkatesh Kodur,et al.  Fiber Reinforced Geopolymers for Fire Resistance Applications , 2014 .

[96]  Mohamed Saafi,et al.  Multifunctional properties of carbon nanotube/fly ash geopolymer nanocomposites , 2013 .

[97]  D. Sciti,et al.  Effect of different sintering aids on thermo–mechanical properties and oxidation of SiC fibers – Reinforced ZrB2 composites , 2013 .

[98]  K. MacKenzie,et al.  Synthesis and mechanical properties of new fibre-reinforced composites of inorganic polymers with natural wool fibres , 2012, Journal of Materials Science.

[99]  Aaron R. Sakulich,et al.  Reinforced geopolymer composites for enhanced material greenness and durability , 2011 .

[100]  Stefania Manzi,et al.  Novel fiber-reinforced composite materials based on sustainable geopolymer matrix , 2011 .

[101]  Tiesong Lin,et al.  In situ crack growth observation and fracture behavior of short carbon fiber reinforced geopolymer matrix composites , 2010 .

[102]  J. Ferreira,et al.  Effect of test conditions on the bending strength of a geopolymer-reinforced composite , 2010, Journal of Materials Science.

[103]  Meirong Wang,et al.  Effects of fibre content on mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of short carbon fibre reinforced geopolymer matrix composites , 2009 .

[104]  O. I. Maevskaya,et al.  Antimicrobial activity of carbon fiber fabric modified with a polymer-gentamicin complex , 2009, Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology.

[105]  Petr Louda,et al.  Effect of curing temperature on flexural properties of silica-based geopolymer-carbon reinforced composite , 2009 .

[106]  James W Giancaspro,et al.  Fire protection of flammable materials utilizing geopolymer , 2004 .

[107]  C. Thaumaturgo,et al.  Fibre reinforcement and fracture response in geopolymeric mortars , 2003 .

[108]  A. Ōya,et al.  Antibacterial activated carbon fiber derived from phenolic resin containing silver nitrate , 1993 .