Comparative Analysis of PWM Power Losses in IPM Machines with Different Modulation Schemes Using Wide-Bandgap-Based Inverters

This paper investigates the total PWM power losses in interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines excited by voltage-source inverters using wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices with different pulse-width modulation (PWM) schemes and a wide range of switching frequencies. The PWM current ripple characteristics are predicted and compared using an accurate analytical model. Three enhanced power loss estimation models are utilized to determine the PWM-induced power losses in each of three major machine materials: the stator form-wound windings, the stator and rotor iron cores, and the permanent magnets in rotor cavities. The variation trend of each loss component versus PWM frequency and modulation scheme is provided. Experiments have validated the model accuracy in two IPM machines designed for traction applications. Both measured and predicted results suggest that adopting the WBG-based inverter holds appealing potential for increasing the machine efficiency.

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