Electrochemical Detection of Surface Hybridization of Oligodeoxynucleotides Bearing Anthraquinone Tags at Gold Electrodes

Gold electrodes modified with a DNA 20-mer via a thiol linkage were shown to efficiently capture the complementary 20-mer that was tagged with anthraquinone (AQ) reporter groups. Treatment of the electrodes with 2-mercaptoethanol was required for both efficient surface hybridization and for reversible electron transfer between the gold electrode and the tethered anthraquinone tag. In addition, slow thermal annealing through the melting temperature of the duplex increased the efficiency of the process. Electrodes that had been modified with a ds-DNA bearing AQ tags gave slightly greater voltammetric signals, but after dissociation of the duplex were not as effective as the ss-DNA in capturing the complementary 20-mer from the buffer solutions.

[1]  D. Rand,et al.  The nature of adsorbed oxygen on rhodium, palladium and gold electrodes , 1971 .

[2]  E. Paleček,et al.  New trends in electrochemical analysis of nucleic acids , 1988 .

[3]  Itamar Willner,et al.  Enzyme-Linked Amplified Electrochemical Sensing of Oligonucleotide−DNA Interactions by Means of the Precipitation of an Insoluble Product and Using Impedance Spectroscopy , 1999 .

[4]  K. M. Millan,et al.  Voltammetric DNA biosensor for cystic fibrosis based on a modified carbon paste electrode. , 1994, Analytical chemistry.

[5]  P. D. Cook,et al.  Synthesis and electrochemistry of anthraquinone-oligodeoxynucleotide conjugates. , 1999, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[6]  Mengsu Yang,et al.  Adsorption kinetics and ligand-binding properties of thiol-modified double-stranded DNA on a gold surface , 1998 .

[7]  M. Porter,et al.  The electrochemical desorption of n-alkanethiol monolayers from polycrystalline Au and Ag electrodes , 1991 .

[8]  T. M. Herne,et al.  Characterization of DNA Probes Immobilized on Gold Surfaces , 1997 .

[9]  Yoshio Okahata,et al.  Hybridization of nucleic acids immobilized on a quartz crystal microbalance , 1992 .

[10]  Y. Okahata,et al.  Kinetic measurements of DNA hybridization on an oligonucleotide-immobilized 27-MHz quartz crystal microbalance. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[11]  Giulio Milazzo,et al.  Topics in Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics , 1978 .

[12]  A. Bard,et al.  Electrochemical studies of the interaction of metal chelates with DNA. 4. Voltammetric and electrogenerated chemiluminescent studies of the interaction of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)osmium(II) with DNA. , 1990, Analytical chemistry.

[13]  G. Gokel,et al.  Mixed monolayers formed by the self-assembly on gold of thiol-functionalized anthraquinones and 1-alkanethiols , 1993 .

[14]  D. Rand,et al.  Electrosorption characteristics of thin layers of noble metals electrodeposited on different noble metal substrates , 1973 .

[15]  Synthesis and hybridization properties of oligonucleotides containing 2'-O-modified ribonucleotides. , 1993, Nucleic acids research.

[16]  Gustavo Rivas,et al.  Sequence-specific electrochemical biosensing of M. tuberculosis DNA , 1997 .

[17]  J Wang,et al.  Electrochemical biosensor for detecting DNA sequences from the pathogenic protozoan Cryptosporidium parvum. , 1997, Talanta.

[18]  A. Steel,et al.  Electrochemical quantitation of DNA immobilized on gold. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.