A Double-Edged Sword: Globalization and Biosecurity

A common argument since the terrorist attacks in New York and Washington, D.C., on September 11, 2001, is that while economic globalization brings enhanced efficiency, this comes at the cost of greater vulnerability to terrorism. Audrey Kurth Cronin maintains, "The current wave of international terrorism, characterized by unpredictable and unprecedented threats from nonstate actors, not only is a reaction to globalization but is facilitated by it."' "It would be naive to assume," says Cronin, "that what is good for international commerce and communication is not also good for international terrorists."2 Similarly, Kurt Campbell contends, "Much has been written about the forces of globalization-the relentless expansion of market forces and the constant search for greater economic efficiencies. . . . Many of the things that have left Western societies vulnerable to terrorist attacks are the very efficiencies that have come as a consequence of the relentless search for efficiency and the maximization of productivity, by person, companies, and countries."' Stanley Hoffman argues that Islamic terrorism is partly fueled by "a resistance to 'unjust' economic globalization. . . . Insofar as globalization enriches some and uproots many, those who are both poor and uprooted may seek revenge and self-esteem in terrorism."4

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