E-learning Behaviors in Middle School

E-learning occurs throughout the middle school curriculum. Children use computers and the Internet to learn skills, complete assignments, and deepen their understanding of concepts. Supplementary computer software helps students build literacy skills, while digital texts provide affordances and challenges for comprehension and learning. During Web-based research, students leverage literacy and technical skills to accumulate knowledge. Students can use word processing or multimedia to demonstrate their learning. Simulations help create authentic learning experiences in the content areas and promote the transfer of learned skills. Even with the introduction of new technologies, teacher quality and classroom structure are important for student learning. Home video game and computer use also impacts students’ academic performance. Future research should continue to investigate the impact of e-learning on middle school students’ learning and development.

[1]  R. Slavin,et al.  Effective Reading Programs for Middle and High Schools: A Best‐Evidence Synthesis , 2008 .

[2]  Abigail Garthwait,et al.  Middle School Hypermedia Composition: A Qualitative Case Study , 2007 .

[3]  Andri Ioannou,et al.  Can Multimedia Make Kids Care About Social Studies? The GlobalEd Problem-Based Learning Simulation , 2009 .

[4]  James Cengiz Gulek,et al.  Learning With Technology: The Impact of Laptop Use on Student Achievement , 2005 .

[5]  Jamshid Beheshti,et al.  The Web as a classroom resource: reactions from the users , 2000 .

[6]  David Reinking,et al.  THE ELECTRONIC TRANSFORMATION OF LITERACY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRUGGLING READER , 1999 .

[7]  Robert E. Slavin,et al.  Effective Programs in Middle and High School Mathematics: A Best-Evidence Synthesis , 2008 .

[8]  Joseph Krajcik,et al.  The Nature of Middle School Learners' Science Content Understandings with the Use of On-line Resources , 2003 .

[9]  Pedro F. Hernández-Ramos,et al.  Learning History in Middle School by Designing Multimedia in a Project-Based Learning Experience , 2009 .

[10]  C. MacArthur Reflections on Research on Writing and Technology for Struggling Writers , 2009 .

[11]  M. Chi,et al.  Gender Differences in Patterns of Searching the Web , 2003 .

[12]  J. Sturm,et al.  Effects of Hand–Drawn and Computer–Generated Concept Mapping on the Expository Writing of Middle School Students with Learning Disabilities , 2002 .

[13]  Gregory K. W. K. Chung,et al.  Children's Internet Searching on Complex Problems: Performance and Process Analyses , 1998, J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci..

[14]  Maya B. Eagleton,et al.  Strategies for supporting student Internet inquiry , 2002 .

[15]  J. Colwell,et al.  Computer games, self‐esteem and gratification of needs in adolescents , 1995 .

[16]  Charles K. Kinzer,et al.  A Description of the Impact of Multimedia Anchored Instruction on Classroom Interactions , 1999 .

[17]  Douglas N. Gordin,et al.  Changing how and what children learn in school with computer-based technologies. , 2000, The Future of children.

[18]  Julie Coiro Reading comprehension on the Internet: Expanding our understanding of reading comprehension to encompass new literacies , 2003 .

[19]  Mark Warschauer,et al.  Information Literacy in the Laptop Classroom , 2007, Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education.

[20]  F. Biocca,et al.  Does home internet use influence the academic performance of low-income children? , 2006 .

[21]  Amie Goldberg,et al.  The Effect of Computers on Student Writing: A Meta-analysis of Studies from 1992 to 2002 , 2003 .

[22]  Michelle F. Wright,et al.  Computer Gaming and Interactive Simulations for Learning: A Meta-Analysis , 2006 .

[23]  Chris Dede,et al.  Immersive Interfaces for Engagement and Learning , 2009, Science.

[24]  Robert L. Bangert-Drowns,et al.  The Word Processor as an Instructional Tool: A Meta-Analysis of Word Processing in Writing Instruction , 1993 .

[25]  Charles A. MacArthur,et al.  Spelling Checkers and Students with Learning Disabilities: Performance Comparisons and Impact on Spelling , 1996 .

[26]  Shelley Goldman,et al.  Environments for collaborating mathematically: the middle-school mathematics through applications project , 1995, CSCL.

[27]  Michael J. Hannafin,et al.  Effects of Word Processing on Sixth Graders' Holistic Writing and Revisions , 1992 .

[28]  John Lubans When Students Hit the Surf: What Kids Really Do on the Internet. And What They Want from Librarians. , 1999 .

[29]  M. Mayo Video Games: A Route to Large-Scale STEM Education? , 2009, Science.

[30]  B. White ThinkerTools: Causal Models, Conceptual Change, and Science Education , 1993 .

[31]  Mark Brown,et al.  Internet Investigations: Mixing Talent with Teachers and Telecommunications. , 1998 .

[32]  R C Atkinson,et al.  Computerized instruction and the learning process. , 1968, The American psychologist.

[33]  Dania Bilal,et al.  Perspectives on children's navigation of the World Wide Web: does the type of search task make a difference? , 2002, Online Inf. Rev..

[34]  Joseph Krajcik,et al.  Science on the Web: Students Online in a Sixth-Grade Classroom , 2000 .

[35]  Yasmin B. Kafai,et al.  Internet Web-Searching Instruction in the Elementary Classroom: Building a Foundation for Information Literacy. , 1997 .

[36]  Maya B. Eagleton,et al.  Adolescents' Internet Search Strategies: Drawing upon Familiar Cognitive Paradigms When Accessing Electronic Information Sources , 2003 .

[37]  Roger Azevedo,et al.  Locating information within extended hypermedia , 2009 .