Gold(III) Complexes Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria of Veterinary Significance

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria are a global concern. The lack of new antibiotics in the pipeline points to the need for developing new strategies. In this sense, gold(III) complexes (G3Cs) could be a promising alternative due to their recently described antibacterial activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of G3Cs alone and in combination with colistin against pathogenic bacteria from veterinary sources. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined by broth microdilution and compared with clinically relevant antibiotics. Antibiofilm activity was determined by crystal violet staining. Combinations of selected G3Cs with colistin and cytotoxicity in commercial human cell lines were evaluated. Four and seven G3Cs showed antibacterial effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, respectively, with this activity being higher among Gram-positive strains. The G3Cs showed antibiofilm activity against Gram-negative species at concentrations similar or one to four folds higher than the corresponding MICs. Combination of G3Cs with colistin showed a potential synergistic antibacterial effect reducing concentrations and toxicity of both agents. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity, the synergistic effect when combined with colistin and the in vitro toxicity suggest that G3Cs would provide a new therapeutic alternative against multidrug-resistant bacteria from veterinary origin.

[1]  T. Srichana,et al.  Silver Nanoparticles Conjugated with Colistin Enhanced the Antimicrobial Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria , 2022, Molecules.

[2]  B. Vezina,et al.  Genomic surveillance reveals antibiotic resistance gene transmission via phage recombinases within sheep mastitis-associated Streptococcus uberis , 2022, BMC Veterinary Research.

[3]  Meghan F. Davis,et al.  A Review of the Effectiveness of Current US Policies on Antimicrobial Use in Meat and Poultry Production , 2022, Current environmental health reports.

[4]  N. Wajid,et al.  Synergistic efficacy of colistin and silver nanoparticles impregnated human amniotic membrane in a burn wound infected rat model , 2022, Scientific Reports.

[5]  R. Soengas,et al.  Gold-Derived Molecules as New Antimicrobial Agents , 2022, Frontiers in Microbiology.

[6]  M. Iglesias,et al.  A C∧S-Cyclometallated Gold(III) Complex as a Novel Antibacterial Candidate Against Drug-Resistant Bacteria , 2022, Frontiers in Microbiology.

[7]  L. Grasa,et al.  Selective Anticancer and Antimicrobial Metallodrugs Based on Gold(III) Dithiocarbamate Complexes , 2021, Biomedicines.

[8]  A. Rodrigues,et al.  Colistin Update on Its Mechanism of Action and Resistance, Present and Future Challenges , 2020, Microorganisms.

[9]  K. Fromm,et al.  New Antimicrobial Strategies Based on Metal Complexes , 2020, Chemistry.

[10]  K. Kuča,et al.  Understanding of Colistin Usage in Food Animals and Available Detection Techniques: A Review , 2020, Animals : an open access journal from MDPI.

[11]  A. Davis,et al.  Rethinking One Health: Emergent human, animal and environmental assemblages , 2020, Social science & medicine.

[12]  R. Karaman,et al.  Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria to Current Antibacterial Agents and Approaches to Resolve It , 2020, Molecules.

[13]  M. Gharaibeh,et al.  An overview of colistin resistance, mobilized colistin resistance genes dissemination, global responses, and the alternatives to colistin: A review , 2019, Veterinary world.

[14]  Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2019 , 2019 .

[15]  J. Gunn,et al.  Pathoadaptive Alteration of Salmonella Biofilm Formation in Response to the Gallbladder Environment , 2019, Journal of bacteriology.

[16]  A. T. Odularu,et al.  Dithiocarbamates: Challenges, Control, and Approaches to Excellent Yield, Characterization, and Their Biological Applications , 2019, Bioinorganic chemistry and applications.

[17]  P. Collignon,et al.  One Health—Its Importance in Helping to Better Control Antimicrobial Resistance , 2019, Tropical medicine and infectious disease.

[18]  Nuha Mobarki,et al.  Antibiotic Resistance Crisis , 2019, International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries.

[19]  Rafaela A. L. Silva,et al.  On the path to gold: Monoanionic Au bisdithiolate complexes with antimicrobial and antitumor activities. , 2019, Journal of inorganic biochemistry.

[20]  Raquel P. Herrera,et al.  Anticancer properties of gold complexes with biologically relevant ligands , 2018, Pure and Applied Chemistry.

[21]  G. Rossi,et al.  The antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of gold-complexed sulfonamides against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. , 2018, Microbial pathogenesis.

[22]  J. Kirby,et al.  Synergistic Activity of Colistin-Containing Combinations against Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae , 2018, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[23]  N. Jackson,et al.  Discovery and development of new antibacterial drugs: learning from experience? , 2018, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[24]  P. Bowler.  Antibiotic resistance and biofilm tolerance: a combined threat in the treatment of chronic infections. , 2018, Journal of wound care.

[25]  Pavle J. Randjelović,et al.  Water-soluble gold(III) complexes with N-donor ligands as potential immunomodulatory and antibiofilm agents , 2018 .

[26]  J. Gunn,et al.  Biofilm Formation Protects Salmonella from the Antibiotic Ciprofloxacin In Vitro and In Vivo in the Mouse Model of chronic Carriage , 2018, Scientific Reports.

[27]  S. García‐Granda,et al.  Cycloaurated phosphinothioic amide complex as a precursor of gold(I) nanoparticles: Efficient catalysts for A3 synthesis of propargylamines under solvent-free conditions , 2017 .

[28]  P. Stoodley,et al.  Approaches to biofilm-associated infections: the need for standardized and relevant biofilm methods for clinical applications , 2017, Expert review of anti-infective therapy.

[29]  Asadullah,et al.  Antibacterial fatty acids destabilize hydrophobic and multicellular aggregates of biofilm in S. aureus , 2016, The Journal of Antibiotics.

[30]  E. Igwenagu,et al.  Intrigues of biofilm: A perspective in veterinary medicine , 2016, Veterinary world.

[31]  Christine Roder,et al.  Auranofin: Repurposing an Old Drug for a Golden New Age , 2015, Drugs in R&D.

[32]  Joanna Izabela Lachowicz,et al.  Noble metals in medicine: Latest advances , 2015 .

[33]  V. Deflon,et al.  Chemistry , 2021, Minerva Meets Vulcan: Scientific and Technological Literature – 1450–1750.

[34]  C. Greko,et al.  Antibiotic resistance—consequences for animal health, welfare, and food production , 2014, Upsala journal of medical sciences.

[35]  Chris Orvig,et al.  Metallodrugs in medicinal inorganic chemistry. , 2014, Chemical reviews.

[36]  J. Sykes,et al.  Isolation and Identification of Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria , 2014 .

[37]  W. F. Porto,et al.  N, N′-Olefin Functionalized Bis-Imidazolium Gold(I) Salt Is an Efficient Candidate to Control Keratitis-Associated Eye Infection , 2013, PloS one.

[38]  J. Rolain,et al.  Colistin: an update on the antibiotic of the 21st century , 2012, Expert review of anti-infective therapy.

[39]  P. Honore,et al.  Renal and neurological side effects of colistin in critically ill patients , 2011, Annals of intensive care.

[40]  W. Henderson,et al.  Cycloaurated triphenylphosphine-sulfide and -selenide. , 2010, Dalton transactions.

[41]  M. Falagas,et al.  Colistin monotherapy vs. combination therapy: evidence from microbiological, animal and clinical studies. , 2008, Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

[42]  L. Saiman.  Clinical utility of synergy testing for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis: 'the motion for'. , 2007, Paediatric respiratory reviews.

[43]  S. Stepanović,et al.  Quantification of biofilm in microtiter plates: overview of testing conditions and practical recommendations for assessment of biofilm production by staphylococci , 2007, APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica.

[44]  R. Ronimus,et al.  The composition of Ehrlich's salvarsan: resolution of a century-old debate. , 2005, Angewandte Chemie.

[45]  S. Stepanović,et al.  Biofilm formation by Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on plastic surface , 2004, Letters in applied microbiology.

[46]  J. Vittal,et al.  Synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of 2-phenylpyridine gold(iii) complexes with thiolate ligandsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: ESMS data. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/dt/b3/b307610e/ , 2003 .

[47]  J. Andrews,et al.  Determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations. , 2001, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[48]  R. Donlan.  Role of Biofilms in Antimicrobial Resistance , 2000, ASAIO journal.

[49]  L. Messori,et al.  Gold(III) complexes as potential antitumor agents: solution chemistry and cytotoxic properties of some selected gold(III) compounds. , 2000, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

[50]  C. Garza,et al.  Overview and analysis , 1994 .

[51]  G. Higby,et al.  Gold in medicine , 1982, Gold bulletin.