Robotics safety: Exclusion guarding for industrial operations

Abstract Hamilton, J.E. and Hancock, P.A., 1986. Robotics safety: Exclusion guarding for industrial operations. Journal of Occupational Accidents, 8: 69–78. From early concept to present reality, this paper catalogs the development of reprogrammable, multifunctional, industrial manipulators: Robots. A summary of published studies concerning the safety aspects of the large scale application of robots by industry outside the United States is presented. From this and our own survey observations, a proposal for performance guidelines in the guarding of industrial robots is presented.