Land Surface Matter in Climate and Weather: The Climate near the Ground The Regional Climate The Global Climate The Sahelian Climate The Amazonian Climate The Boreal Climate The Asian Monsoon Climate.- How Measurable is the Earth System: The Energy Balance Closure Problem Radiation Measurements in Integrated Terrestrial Experiments Surface Turbulent Fluxes Accuracy and Utility of Aircraft Flux Measurements Boundary Layer Budgeting Vegetation Structure, Dynamics and Physiology Remote Sensing and Land Surface Experiments The Water Balance Concept Use of Field Experiments in Improving the Land Surface Description in Atmospheric Models Further Insight from Large-scale Observational Studies of Land/Atmosphere Interactions.- The Value of Land Surface Data Consolidation: Motivation for Data Consolidation Existing Degrees of Consolidation Achieving Full Consolidation Terrestrial Data Assimilation.- The Integrity of River and Drainage Basin Systems: Responses of Hydrological Processes to Environmental Change at Small Catchment Scales River Basin Responses to Global Change and Anthropogenic Impacts Responses of Continental Aquatic Systems at the Global Scale Case Study 1 - The Amazon Basin Case Study 2: The Elbe River Basin in Central Europe Case Study 3: The Mixed Underdeveloped/Developed Mgeni Catchment, South Africa Scaling Relative Responses of Terrestrial Aquatic Systems to Global Changes.- How to Evaluate Vulnerability in Changing Environmental Conditions: Predictability and Uncertainty Contrast between Predictive and Vulnerability Approaches The Scenario Approach The Vulnerability Approach Case Studies Conclusions.