Der Zoologe Ernst Haeckel zahlt zu den bekanntesten, zugleich aber auch umstrittensten Naturforschern des 19. und beginnenden 20. Jahrhunderts. Als einer der fruhesten Anhanger und streitbarsten Verfechter der Darwinschen Evolutionstheorie – neben “Darwins Bulldogge” Thomas Henry Huxley – stellt er eine Zentralfigur in der Fruhgeschichte des Darwinismus dar. Doch sein Name steht nicht nur als Symbol fur die Auseinandersetzungen um den Entwicklungsgedanken und dessen Popularisierung in dieser Zeit, sondern auch fur ein aktives Eintreten fur den von ihm formulierten und postulierten Monismus. Haeckel zahlt neben Fritz Muller zu den Ersten, die das “Biogenetische Grundgesetz” formulierten. Ebenso gehen noch heute in der biologischen Terminologie verwendete Begriffe wie Ontogenie, Phylogenie, Okologie, Chorologie und Stamm auf ihn und sein Erstlingswerk “Generelle Morphologie der Organismen” (1866) zuruck.
150 years “Biogenetic Law”
The zoologist Ernst Haeckel is one of the most well-known, but also one of the most controversial scientists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was one of the earliest Darwinists and a forceful advocate of evolutionary theory. Together with “Darwin's Bulldog” Thomas Henry Huxley, Haeckel was a central figure in the early history and popularization of Darwinism. But his name is not only a symbol for the disputes about the theory of evolution and its popularization, but also for a campaign for monism, a world-view or philosophy created by Haeckel himself. Together with Fritz Muller, Ernst Haeckel was one of the first to formulate a “Biogenetic Law”. He also created several concepts and terms still in use in biology today, such as “ontogeny”, “phylogeny”, “ecology”, “cholorogy” and “phylum” in his first, and maybe most important book “General Morphology of Organism”, which was published in 1866, 150 years ago.
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