Development of a remanence measurement-based SQUID system with in-depth resolution for nanoparticle imaging

We present a remanence measurement method using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) to detect trace amounts of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Based on this method, a one-dimensional scanning system was established for imaging. The system was calibrated with 25 nm diameter Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs), and the sensitivity of the NPs was found to be 10 ng at a distance of 1.7 cm and the spatial resolution was approximately 1 cm. A theoretical model of this system was developed and applied to the deconvolution of scanned images of phantoms with two NP injection spots. Using the developed SQUID system, we were able to determine not only the amount and horizontal positions of the injections, but also their depths in the phantoms.

[1]  Saburo Tanaka,et al.  Detection of magnetic nanoparticles in lymph nodes of rat by high T/sub c/ SQUID , 2003 .

[2]  John Clarke,et al.  Magnetic gradiometer based on a high-transition temperature superconducting quantum interference device for improved sensitivity of a biosensor , 2002 .

[3]  D. Cohen,et al.  Ferromagnetic Contamination in the Lungs and Other Organs of the Human Body , 1973, Science.

[4]  Takahiro Mizoguchi,et al.  Lumph-Node Detection System Using a High Tc SQUID and Ultra-Small Particles , 2002 .

[5]  Keiji Enpuku,et al.  Quantitative evaluation of magnetic immunoassay with remanence measurement , 2006 .

[6]  Su He Wang,et al.  Dendrimer‐Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Specific Targeting and Imaging of Cancer Cells , 2007 .

[7]  Keiji Enpuku,et al.  Development of multisample biological immunoassay system using HTSSQUID and magnetic nanoparticles , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[8]  Lutz Trahms,et al.  Low T/sub c/ SQUID measurement system for magnetic relaxation immunoassays in unshielded environment , 2001 .

[9]  E. M. Lifshitz,et al.  Electrodynamics of continuous media , 1961 .

[10]  N. Hamasaki,et al.  Biological Immunoassay Utilizing Magnetic Marker and High Tc Superconducting Quantum Interference Device Magnetometer , 2003 .

[11]  Ralph Weissleder,et al.  Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles for targeted imaging and therapy. , 2008, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[12]  Tadayuki Kondo,et al.  Detection of fine magnetic particles coated on a thread using an HTS-SQUID , 2004 .

[13]  Abdulhussain E. Mahdi,et al.  High-Tc SQUIDs: the ultra sensitive sensors for non-destructive testing and biomagnetism , 2000 .

[14]  Jerry S. H. Lee,et al.  Magnetic nanoparticles in MR imaging and drug delivery. , 2008, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[15]  Su He Wang,et al.  Dendrimer‐Functionalized Shell‐crosslinked Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for In‐Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors , 2008 .

[16]  R. McDermott,et al.  Ultrasensitive magnetic biosensor for homogeneous immunoassay. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[17]  S. Gubin,et al.  Magnetic Nanoparticles Preparation, Structure and Properties , 2006 .

[18]  Keiji Enpuku,et al.  High-Tc SQUID system for biological immunoassays , 2001 .

[19]  J. Tripp,et al.  Magnetic-susceptibility measurement of human iron stores. , 1982, The New England journal of medicine.

[20]  H. Nowak,et al.  Magnetism in Medicine , 2006 .

[21]  L. Trahms,et al.  SQUID based remanence measurements for immunoassays , 1997, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[22]  Lutz Trahms,et al.  Magnetorelaxometry—a new binding specific detection method based on magnetic nanoparticles , 2002 .

[23]  M. D. Alper,et al.  Detection of bacteria in suspension by using a superconducting quantum interference device , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[24]  S. P. Gubin,et al.  Magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, structure and properties , 2005 .

[25]  Keiji Enpuku,et al.  Detection of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) Magnetometer and Application to Immunoassays , 1999 .

[26]  Keiji Enpuku,et al.  Application of high T/sub c/ SQUID magnetometer to biological immunoassays , 2001 .