Energy-efficient MIMO overlay communications for device-to-device and cognitive radio systems

This paper studies the problem of resource allocation in overlay systems. A multiple-input single-output (MISO) primary link shares the spectrum with a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) secondary link, which in return acts as an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay, forwarding the primary message. The considered problem is the maximization of the secondary energy efficiency (EE) subject to a primary rate requirement. The resulting optimization problem is a fractional program which can not be tackled by traditional fractional optimization methods. Two algorithms are proposed, based on an interplay between fractional programming and sequential optimization theory, which trade-off performance and complexity. Numerical results demonstrate the merits of the proposed algorithms both in terms of energy-efficient performance and complexity.