A Self-Powered Electronic Interface for Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

This paper presents a self-powered, active electronic interface for an energy harvesting system including a vibration-based electromagnetic transducer. The transducer provides a peak voltage of 3.25 V when operated close to its mechanical resonance frequency (about 10.4 Hz) and the power converter has been designed to transfer the harvested energy to a storage capacitor. The circuit is a full-cycle inductive step-up ac/dc converter able to process every voltage pulse coming from the transducer; furthermore, it is supplied by the harvested energy, making the system fully autonomous. The interface has been designed exploiting an accurate model of the transducer in simulations. A printed circuit board version of the interface has been simulated and built to gather experimental results and validate the idea. The system demonstrated to be able to build a voltage across the storage capacitor, which is limited only by the safe operating area of the devices.

[1]  Peter Glynne-Jones,et al.  An investigation of self-powered systems for condition monitoring applications☆ , 2004 .

[2]  Mickaël Lallart,et al.  Double synchronized switch harvesting (DSSH): a new energy harvesting scheme for efficient energy extraction , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[3]  A. von Jouanne,et al.  Piezoelectric micro-power generation interface circuits , 2006, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[4]  Enrico Dallago,et al.  Active self supplied AC-DC converter for piezoelectric energy scavenging systems with supply independent bias , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[5]  S. P. Beeby,et al.  Experimental comparison of macro and micro scale electromagnetic vibration powered generators , 2007 .

[6]  D. Guyomar,et al.  Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Device Optimization by Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction , 2005 .

[7]  Heath Hofmann,et al.  Adaptive piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit for wireless remote power supply , 2002 .

[8]  Xuhan Dai,et al.  Electromagnetic self-powered low-level vibration energy scavenger with microelectroplated nickel resonator , 2009 .

[9]  Xinping Cao,et al.  Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Circuit With Feedforward and Feedback DC–DC PWM Boost Converter for Vibration Power Generator System , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[10]  Jinhao Qiu,et al.  Comparison between four piezoelectric energy harvesting circuits , 2009 .

[11]  D. Guyomar,et al.  Toward energy harvesting using active materials and conversion improvement by nonlinear processing , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[12]  K.D.T. Ngo,et al.  Converter and controller for micro-power energy harvesting , 2005, Twentieth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2005. APEC 2005..

[13]  D. Guyomar,et al.  Buck-Boost Converter for Sensorless Power Optimization of Piezoelectric Energy Harvester , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[14]  Chitta Saha,et al.  Modeling and experimental investigation of an AA-sized electromagnetic generator for harvesting energy from human motion , 2008, Smart Materials and Structures.

[15]  Mohamad Sawan,et al.  A novel low-drop CMOS active rectifier for RF-powered devices: Experimental results , 2009, Microelectron. J..

[16]  S.P. Beeby,et al.  Autonomous Low Power Microsystem Powered by Vibration Energy Harvesting , 2007, 2007 IEEE Sensors.

[17]  Heath Hofmann,et al.  Adaptive piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit for wireless, remote power supply , 2001 .

[18]  Anantha Chandrakasan,et al.  An efficient piezoelectric energy-harvesting interface circuit using a bias-flip rectifier and shared inductor , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers.

[19]  Peng Zeng,et al.  Kinetic Energy Harvesting Using Piezoelectric and Electromagnetic Technologies—State of the Art , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[20]  Anantha P. Chandrakasan,et al.  A low power chipset for portable multimedia applications , 1994, Proceedings of IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - ISSCC '94.

[21]  Claude Richard,et al.  Synchronized switch harvesting applied to self-powered smart systems: Piezoactive microgenerators for autonomous wireless receivers , 2007 .

[22]  E. Dallago,et al.  Electronic interface for Piezoelectric Energy Scavenging System , 2008, ESSCIRC 2008 - 34th European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[23]  Wen J. Li,et al.  Development of an AA size energy transducer with micro resonators , 2003, Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2003. ISCAS '03..

[24]  Philip Heng Wai Leong,et al.  An AA-Sized Vibration-Based Microgenerator for Wireless Sensors , 2007, IEEE Pervasive Computing.

[25]  Adrien Badel,et al.  A comparison between several approaches of piezoelectric energy harvesting , 2005 .

[26]  T.C. Green,et al.  Architectures for vibration-driven micropower generators , 2004, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems.

[27]  A. von Jouanne,et al.  Novel power conditioning circuits for piezoelectric micropower generators , 2004, Nineteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2004. APEC '04..

[28]  D. Guyomar,et al.  Low consumption damping of planar structures , 2000, ISAF 2000. Proceedings of the 2000 12th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (IEEE Cat. No.00CH37076).

[29]  J. M. Gilbert,et al.  Comparison of energy harvesting systems for wireless sensor networks , 2008, Int. J. Autom. Comput..

[30]  Adrien Badel,et al.  A comparison between several vibration-powered piezoelectric generators for standalone systems , 2006 .

[31]  Claude Richard,et al.  Mechanical Energy Harvester With Ultralow Threshold Rectification Based on SSHI Nonlinear Technique , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[32]  D.P. Arnold,et al.  Review of Microscale Magnetic Power Generation , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[33]  H. Takahashi,et al.  A 1 V DSP for wireless communications , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Solids-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers.

[34]  Timothy C. Green,et al.  Energy Harvesting From Human and Machine Motion for Wireless Electronic Devices , 2008, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[35]  S.K. Panda,et al.  Maximize piezoelectric energy harvesting using synchronous charge extraction technique for powering autonomous wireless transmitter , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies.

[36]  Wei-Hsin Liao,et al.  An improved self-powered switching interface for piezoelectric energy harvesting , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Information and Automation.

[37]  E. Dallago,et al.  Analytical Model of a Vibrating Electromagnetic Harvester Considering Nonlinear Effects , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.