Lining design for the district heating tunnel in Copenhagen with steel fibre reinforced concrete segments

The 3.9 km long district heating tunnel carries heating pipelines from a power plant on the island Amager into the centre of Copenhagen. A shaft on Amager and two shafts in the city centre provide access to the tunnel, which is located within the Copenhagen limestone at a depth between 25 and 38 m below the ground surface. The tunnel is excavated with an earth pressure balance (EPB) shield machine and is lined with steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) segments without any conventional steel bar reinforcement. This represents an advantageous and innovative technical as well as cost-efficient solution. This paper presents the methods applied in the structural and durability design of the SFRC segmental lining for a specified service life of 100 years. Special attention is required due to the temperature increase in the tunnel to approximately 50 °C during operation of the pipelines. The experiences with the SFRC segments during construction of the tunnel are discussed.

[1]  Konrad Bergmeister,et al.  Tübbinge aus Stahlfaserbeton: Optimierung der Bewehrung durch experimentelle Untersuchungen , 2004 .

[2]  Colin Warren,et al.  C320: Tunnelling under the Thames , 2003 .

[3]  Günther Meschke,et al.  On the influence of face pressure, grouting pressure and TBM design in soft ground tunnelling , 2006 .

[4]  Soren Eskesen.  CONSTRUCTION OF THE COPENHAGEN METRO. , 1998 .

[5]  H. Duddeck,et al.  Structural design models for tunnels in soft soil , 1981 .

[6]  Simon Taylor,et al.  Construction of the Copenhagen Metro , 2001 .

[7]  S Wallis,et al.  STEEL FIBER DEVELOPMENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA , 1995 .

[8]  Climent Molins i Borrell,et al.  Quality control test for SFRC to be used in precast segments , 2006 .

[9]  A. Bezuijen.  Grouting the tail void of bored tunnels: the role of hardening and consolidation of grouts , 2006 .

[10]  Shani Wallis.  METRO'S EVOLUTION , 2003 .

[11]  J Edgington,et al.  Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Volume A , 1973 .

[12]  Neal S. Berke,et al.  Corrosion of Steel in Cracked Concrete , 1993 .

[13]  Adam Bezuijen,et al.  Grout the foundation of a bored tunnel , 2006 .

[14]  Günther Meschke,et al.  A numerical study of the effect of soil and grout material properties and cover depth in shield tunnelling , 2006 .

[15]  R. Kastner,et al.  Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground , 2002 .

[16]  Lucie Vandewalle,et al.  The use of steel fibres as splitting reinforcement in tunnel linings , 2003 .

[17]  A. G. Kooiman,et al.  Modelling Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete for Structural Design , 2000 .

[18]  R.G.A. de Waal,et al.  Steel fibre reinforced tunnel segments - for the application in shield driven tunnel linings , 2000 .

[19]  Giovanni Plizzari,et al.  Steel fibers as reinforcement for precast tunnel segments , 2006 .

[20]  Eddie Woods,et al.  Focusing on Fibres: CTRL Experience , 2006 .

[21]  Eddie Woods,et al.  Design decisions for CTRL 2's bored tunnels , 2003 .

[22]  K Bergmeister,et al.  Tuebbinge aus Stahlfaserbeton / Steel fibre concrete for precast tunnel segments , 2004 .