Electrode placement configurations for 3D EIT

This paper investigates several configurations for placing electrodes on a 3D cylindrical medium to reconstruct 3D images using 16 electrode EIT equipment intended for use with a 2D adjacent drive protocol. Seven different electrode placement configurations are compared in terms of the following figures of merit: resolution, radial and vertical position error, image magnitude, immunity to noise, immunity to electrode placement errors, and qualitative evaluation of image artefacts. Results show that for ideal conditions, none of the configurations considered performed significantly better than the others. However, when noise and electrode placement errors were considered the planar electrode placement configuration (two rings of vertically aligned electrodes with electrodes placed sequentially in each ring) had the overall best performance. Based on these results, we recommend planar electrode placement configuration for 3D EIT lung imaging of the thorax.

[1]  David Barber,et al.  Three dimensional electrical impedance tomography of the human thorax , 1996, Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[2]  Andy Adler,et al.  Electrical impedance tomography: regularized imaging and contrast detection , 1996, IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging.

[3]  David Isaacson,et al.  NOSER: An algorithm for solving the inverse conductivity problem , 1990, Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol..

[4]  B H Brown,et al.  Errors in reconstruction of resistivity images using a linear reconstruction technique. , 1988, Clinical physics and physiological measurement : an official journal of the Hospital Physicists' Association, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Medizinische Physik and the European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics.

[5]  William R B Lionheart.  EIT reconstruction algorithms: pitfalls, challenges and recent developments. , 2004, Physiological measurement.

[6]  Hugh McCann,et al.  Electrode configurations for improved spatial resolution in electrical impedance tomography , 2002 .

[7]  Willis J. Tompkins,et al.  Comparing Reconstruction Algorithms for Electrical Impedance Tomography , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[8]  D. C. Barber,et al.  Single step algorithms for image reconstruction. II. Generalisation of the Sheffield filtered back projection algorithm. (Electric impedance tomography) , 1992 .

[9]  A. Adler,et al.  A NODAL JACOBIAN INVERSE SOLVER FOR REDUCED COMPLEXITY EIT RECONSTRUCTIONS , 2006 .

[10]  A Adler,et al.  Objective selection of hyperparameter for EIT , 2006, Physiological measurement.

[11]  D C Barber,et al.  A review of image reconstruction techniques for electrical impedance tomography. , 1989, Medical physics.

[12]  Jari P. Kaipio,et al.  Electrical impedance tomography with basis constraints , 1997 .

[13]  Ryan Halter,et al.  Excitation patterns in three-dimensional electrical impedance tomography , 2005, Physiological measurement.

[14]  William R B Lionheart,et al.  Uses and abuses of EIDORS: an extensible software base for EIT , 2006, Physiological measurement.