Los adolescentes físicamente activos presentan una mayor probabilidad de tener una capacidad cardiovascular saludable independientemente del grado de adiposidad. The European Youth Heart Study

Introduccion y objetivos Se considera que la capacidad cardiovascular (CCV) es un marcador de salud en todas las edades. La finalidad principal de este estudio fue examinar si las recomendaciones actuales de actividad fisica (AF) estan relacionadas con un mejor CCV en los adolescentes. Metodos Se estudio a un total de 472 adolescentes (14-16 anos de edad). La CCV se estimo a partir de una prueba maxima en cicloergometro y la actividad fisica, mediante acelerometria. Se clasifico a los sujetos en las categorias de CCV alta o CCV baja segun los valores de corte del Cooper Institute y en AF alta o baja, dependiendo de si los adolescentes practicaban un minimo de 60 min diarios de AF moderada o intensa. La grasa corporal se estimo a partir de los pliegues cutaneos. Resultados La regresion logistica binaria mostro que las adolescentes que satisfacen las recomendaciones de AF actuales (al menos 60 min/dia de AF de moderada a intensa) presentaban 3 veces mas probabilidad de tener un nivel de CCV alto que las que no satisfacian dichas recomendaciones, despues de controlar por maduracion sexual (segun los estadios de Tanner) y de tejido graso. Asimismo, los varones adolescentes que cumplian las recomendaciones de AF presentaban 8 veces mas probabilidad de tener un nivel de CCV alto que los que no las satisfacian. Conclusiones Los resultados indican que dedicar un minimo de 60 min diarios a practicar una AF de moderada a intensa se relaciona con una CCV mas saludable en los adolescentes, independientemente de su estado de maduracion sexual y de adiposidad. Los patrones de esta relacion fueron similares en mujeres y varones, pero el hecho de que fuese mas debil en ellas requiere mas estudio.

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