The adult spine : principles and practice

Introduction: the history of spinal disorders, Leon L. Wiltse the future of spinal treatment, John W. Frymoyer et al. Part 1 Epidemiology, disability and societal impact. Part 2 General issues of spinal disorders: general operative considerations diagnostic studies general and degenerative conditions metabolic disease inflammatory disorders spinal injury spinal neoplasms and vascular malformations. Part 3 Cervical spine: traumatic disorders of the cervical spine degenerative conditions of the cervical spine. Part 4 Thoracic and thoracolumbar spine: trauma of the thoracolumbar spine adult spine deformities. Part 5 Lumbar spine and sacrum: low back disorders physical therapy and education congenital abnormalities degenerative conditions and disc herniation - diagnosis and treatment stenosis/neurogenic claudication segmental instability. Part 6 Sacrum and coccyx.