Emerging Chemicals and Analytical Methods

on the following broad categories of emerging contaminants: pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs); endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), including hormones, surfactants, and plasticizers; and brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Although many of the cited articles refer to multiple types of contaminants (particularly hormones and pharmaceuticals), each article is summarized in only one section. Articles pertaining to specific treatment methods, risk assessments, or biological effects are not included in this review, and articles covering disinfection byproducts (DBPs), fluorinated compounds, and organometallics are not reviewed as in past years. Because of the ever-increasing volume and scope of literature pertaining to emerging contaminants, this review should not be considered to be comprehensive; however, a broad range of literature that is relevant to environmental engineers and scientists is summarized. Acronyms that are used in this review for contaminants and analytical methods are summarized in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. 1017 Water Environment Research, Volume 78, Number 10?Copyright ? 2006 Water Environment Federation

[1]  J. Drewes,et al.  Removal mechanisms of endocrine disrupting compounds (steroids) during soil aquifer treatment. , 2004, Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.

[2]  R. Tauler,et al.  Application of chemometric methods to the investigation of main microcontaminant sources of endocrine disruptors in coastal and harbour waters and sediments , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[3]  Walter Giger,et al.  Combined biological and chemical assessment of estrogenic activities in wastewater treatment plant effluents , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[4]  W. Lambert,et al.  Analysis of multiple endocrine disruptors in environmental waters via wide-spectrum solid-phase extraction and dual-polarity ionization LC-ion trap-MS/MS. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[5]  J. Martial,et al.  Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[6]  Kevin C Jones,et al.  PBDEs in European background soils: levels and factors controlling their distribution. , 2004, Environmental science & technology.

[7]  Jens Tschmelak,et al.  Immunosensor for estrone with an equal limit of detection as common analytical methods , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[8]  I. Lutz,et al.  Retinol-binding protein as a biomarker to assess endocrine-disrupting compounds in the environment , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[9]  Damià Barceló,et al.  Biosensors for environmental monitoring of endocrine disruptors: a review article , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[10]  Christian Zwiener,et al.  LC-MS analysis in the aquatic environment and in water treatment – a critical review , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[11]  Peter Shanahan,et al.  Screening analysis of human pharmaceutical compounds in U.S. surface waters. , 2004, Environmental science & technology.

[12]  D. Barceló,et al.  Determination of decabromodiphenyl ether in sediments using selective pressurized liquid extraction followed by GC–NCI-MS , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[13]  F. Casey,et al.  Fate and transport of testosterone in agricultural soils. , 2004, Environmental science & technology.

[14]  M. Marco,et al.  Immunochemical determination of xenobiotics with endocrine disrupting effects , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[15]  J. Lester,et al.  In-vitro assays for determination of oestrogenic activity , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[16]  M. Seifert.  Luminescent enzyme-linked receptor assay for estrogenic compounds , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[17]  S. O. Mueller.  Xenoestrogens: mechanisms of action and detection methods , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[18]  Silvana Andreescu,et al.  Correlation of analyte structures with biosensor responses using the detection of phenolic estrogens as a model. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[19]  Wolfgang Ruck,et al.  Bioassay-directed chemical analysis utilizing LC–MS: a tool for identifying estrogenic compounds in water samples? , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[20]  U. Brinkman,et al.  Liquid chromatography with triple-quadrupole or quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry for screening and confirmation of residues of pharmaceuticals in water , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[21]  R. Cela,et al.  Determination of natural and synthetic estrogens in water by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. , 2004, Journal of chromatography. A.

[22]  R. Cela,et al.  Solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber derivatization for the analysis of anti-inflammatory drugs in water samples. , 2004, Journal of chromatography. A.

[23]  S. Weigel,et al.  Simultaneous solid-phase extraction of acidic, neutral and basic pharmaceuticals from aqueous samples at ambient (neutral) pH and their determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. , 2004, Journal of chromatography. A.

[24]  Scott A Mabury,et al.  Identification of long-chain perfluorinated acids in biota from the Canadian Arctic. , 2004, Environmental science & technology.

[25]  A. MacKay,et al.  Modeling tetracycline antibiotic sorption to clays. , 2004, Environmental science & technology.

[26]  Aaron M. Peck,et al.  Synthetic musk fragrances in Lake Michigan. , 2004, Environmental science & technology.

[27]  John L. Zhou,et al.  Simultaneous determination of endocrine disrupting phenolic compounds and steroids in water by solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. , 2004, Journal of chromatography. A.

[28]  L. Gray,et al.  Endocrine-disrupting effects of cattle feedlot effluent on an aquatic sentinel species, the fathead minnow. , 2003, Environmental health perspectives.

[29]  John Struger,et al.  Distribution of acidic and neutral drugs in surface waters near sewage treatment plants in the lower Great Lakes, Canada , 2003, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[30]  Jian-Hua Wang,et al.  On-line sample-pre-treatment schemes for trace-level determinations of metals by coupling flow injection or sequential injection with ICP-MS , 2003 .

[31]  A. Svenson,et al.  Removal of estrogenicity in Swedish municipal sewage treatment plants. , 2003, Water research.

[32]  M. Petrovíc.  Analysis and removal of emerging contaminants in wastewater and drinking water , 2003 .

[33]  Imma Ferrer,et al.  Liquid chromatography/time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC/TOF/MS) for the analysis of emerging contaminants , 2003 .

[34]  K. Carlson,et al.  Evolution of antibiotic occurrence in a river through pristine, urban and agricultural landscapes. , 2003, Water research.

[35]  J. Lester,et al.  Determination of endocrine disrupters in sewage treatment and receiving waters , 2003 .

[36]  S. Richardson.  Disinfection by-products and other emerging contaminants in drinking water , 2003 .

[37]  Hing-Biu Lee,et al.  Acidic Pharmaceuticals in Sewage—Methodology, Stability Test, Occurrence, and Removal from Ontario Samples , 2003 .

[38]  Zaijun Li,et al.  Direct spectrophotometric determination of alkylphenol polyethoxylate nonionic surfactants in wastewater. , 2003, Water research.

[39]  Ann C Wilkie,et al.  Manure-borne estrogens as potential environmental contaminants: a review. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[40]  Jianying Hu,et al.  Products of aqueous chlorination of 17beta-estradiol and their estrogenic activities. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[41]  Christa S. McArdell,et al.  Occurrence and fate of macrolide antibiotics in wastewater treatment plants and in the Glatt Valley watershed, Switzerland. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[42]  Brett J. Vanderford,et al.  Analysis of endocrine disruptors, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[43]  R. L. Valentine,et al.  N-nitrosodimethylamine formation by free-chlorine-enhanced nitrosation of dimethylamine. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[44]  K. Thomas,et al.  Determination of selected human pharmaceutical compounds in effluent and surface water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. , 2003, Journal of chromatography. A.

[45]  Shane A. Snyder,et al.  Analytical Methods Used to Measure Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Water , 2003 .

[46]  Oliver A.H. Jones,et al.  Analytical Method Development for the Simultaneous Determination of Five Human Pharmaceuticals in Water and Wastewater Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , 2003, Chromatographia.

[47]  Nicolas Kalogerakis,et al.  Developments in liquid-phase microextraction , 2003 .

[48]  T. Heberer,et al.  Multi‐compound methods for the detection of pharmaceutical residues in various waters applying solid phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric (GC‐MS) detection , 2003 .

[49]  J. Roberson.  Endocrine Disruptors as a New Regulatory Endpoint , 2003 .

[50]  R. Kanda,et al.  Pharmaceutical and personal care products in sewage treatment works. , 2003, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[51]  Nancy G. Love,et al.  Biological Wastewater Treatment and Estrogenic Endocrine Disrupting Compounds: Importance of Colloid Organic Carbon , 2003 .

[52]  J. Field,et al.  Nonylphenol ethoxylates and other additives in aircraft deicers, antiicers, and waters receiving airport runoff. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[53]  K. Xia,et al.  Occurrence and Degradation of Estrogenic Nonylphenol and its Precursors in Northeast Kansas Wastewater Treatment Plants , 2003 .

[54]  C. Adams,et al.  Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the Environment , 2003 .

[55]  D. Twidwell,et al.  Occurrence and Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the Environment , 2003 .

[56]  A. Covaci,et al.  Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine species from the Belgian North Sea and the Western Scheldt Estuary: levels, profiles, and distribution. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[57]  D. Barceló,et al.  Occurrence and removal of estrogenic short-chain ethoxy nonylphenolic compounds and their halogenated derivatives during drinking water production. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[58]  R. Curini,et al.  Determination of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Surface Water and Wastewater by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry , 2003, Chromatographia.

[59]  R. Rhodes Trussell,et al.  N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a Drinking Water Contaminant: A Review , 2003 .

[60]  P. Dillon,et al.  Sorption and degradation of selected five endocrine disrupting chemicals in aquifer material. , 2003, Water research.

[61]  David L Sedlak,et al.  A N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) precursor analysis for chlorination of water and wastewater. , 2003, Water research.

[62]  M. Marco,et al.  Determination of Irgarol 1051 in Western Mediterranean sediments. Development and application of supercritical fluid extraction-immunoaffinity chromatography procedure. , 2003, Water research.

[63]  M. Reinhard,et al.  Behavior of alkylphenol polyethoxylate metabolites during soil aquifer treatment. , 2003, Water research.

[64]  Jennifer A. Field,et al.  Fluorinated Alkyl Surfactants , 2003 .

[65]  Á. Ríos,et al.  Development of a new method for the determination of nitrosamines by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. , 2003, Water research.

[66]  K. Bester.  Triclosan in a sewage treatment process--balances and monitoring data. , 2003, Water research.

[67]  L. Alvarez-Cohen,et al.  Emerging Contaminants in Water , 2003 .

[68]  M. Reinhard,et al.  Occurrence and Behavior of Alkylphenol Polyethoxylates in the Environment , 2003 .

[69]  J. de Boer,et al.  Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in sediment cores from Western Europe. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[70]  P. Rao,et al.  Sorption and dissipation of testosterone, estrogens, and their primary transformation products in soils and sediment. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[71]  S. Richardson,et al.  Tribromopyrrole, brominated acids, and other disinfection byproducts produced by disinfection of drinking water rich in bromide. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[72]  S. Snyder,et al.  HPLC-fluorescence detection and adsorption of bisphenol A, 17beta-estradiol, and 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol on powdered activated carbon. , 2003, Water research.

[73]  Bent Halling-Sørensen,et al.  Fate of estrogens in a municipal sewage treatment plant. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[74]  S. Chillrud,et al.  Biogeochemistry of nonylphenol ethoxylates in urban estuarine sediments. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[75]  Reinhard Niessner,et al.  Residue analysis of the pharmaceutical diclofenac in different water types using ELISA and GC-MS. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[76]  Xiu-Sheng Miao,et al.  Determination of carbamazepine and its metabolites in aqueous samples using liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[77]  W. Arnold,et al.  Photochemical fate of pharmaceuticals in the environment: cimetidine and ranitidine. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[78]  D. Sabaliūnas,et al.  Environmental fate of Triclosan in the River Aire Basin, UK. , 2003, Water research.

[79]  W. Giger,et al.  Environmental exposure assessment of fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents from sewage to soil. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[80]  F. Frimmel,et al.  Short-term tests with a pilot sewage plant and biofilm reactors for the biological degradation of the pharmaceutical compounds clofibric acid, ibuprofen, and diclofenac. , 2003, The Science of the total environment.

[81]  Paul D Jones,et al.  Removal of estrogenic activity from municipal waste landfill leachate assessed with a bioassay based on reporter gene expression. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[82]  A. Fane,et al.  Adsorption of the endocrine-active compound estrone on microfiltration hollow fiber membranes. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[83]  R. Kubiak,et al.  Fate of 14C-bisphenol A in soils. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[84]  Gerald L. Larsen,et al.  Fate and Transport of 17β-Estradiol in Soil-Water Systems , 2003 .

[85]  E. Millán,et al.  Assessment of tin and butyltin species in estuarine superficial sediments from Gipuzkoa, Spain. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[86]  C. Poole.  New trends in solid-phase extraction , 2003 .

[87]  D. Barceló,et al.  Environmental behavior and analysis of veterinary and human drugs in soils, sediments and sludge , 2003 .

[88]  S. Eisenreich,et al.  Multi-component analysis of polar water pollutants using sequential solid-phase extraction followed by LC-ESI-MS. , 2003, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[89]  I. Ferrer,et al.  Analysis of Emerging Contaminants , 2003 .

[90]  I. Ferrer,et al.  Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry MS/MS and time of flight MS : analysis of emerging contaminants , 2003 .

[91]  Sierra Rayne,et al.  Rapidly increasing polybrominated diphenyl ether concentrations in the Columbia River system from 1992 to 2000. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[92]  D. Perret,et al.  Quadrupole time-of-flight versus triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry for the determination of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in surface water by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. , 2003, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[93]  Nobuyoshi Yamashita,et al.  A survey of perfluorooctane sulfonate and related perfluorinated organic compounds in water, fish, birds, and humans from Japan. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[94]  D. Barceló,et al.  Toxicity testing of wastewater and sewage sludge by biosensors, bioassays and chemical analysis , 2003 .

[95]  D. Marcogliese,et al.  Occurrence of alkylphenol polyethoxylates in the St. Lawrence River and their bioconcentration by mussels (Elliptio complanata). , 2003, Chemosphere.

[96]  K. Schramm,et al.  Quantitative predictive models for octanol-air partition coefficients of polybrominated diphenyl ethers at different temperatures. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[97]  E. Braekevelt,et al.  Direct measurement of octanol-water partition coefficients of some environmentally relevant brominated diphenyl ether congeners. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[98]  Ching-Hua Huang,et al.  Oxidative transformation of triclosan and chlorophene by manganese oxides. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[99]  C. González-Barreiro,et al.  Simultaneous determination of neutral and acidic pharmaceuticals in wastewater by high-performance liquid chromatography-post-column photochemically induced fluorimetry. , 2003, Journal of chromatography. A.

[100]  F. Gobas,et al.  Determination of phthalate ester congeners and mixtures by LC/ESI-MS in sediments and biota of an urbanized marine inlet. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[101]  Sören Thiele-Bruhn,et al.  Pharmaceutical antibiotic compounds in soils – a review , 2003 .

[102]  T. Heberer,et al.  Determination of polar pharmaceuticals in sewage water of Greece by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[103]  Martin Kampmann,et al.  Ozonation: a tool for removal of pharmaceuticals, contrast media and musk fragrances from wastewater? , 2003, Water research.

[104]  Manuel J. Rodríguez,et al.  Occurrence of THMs and HAAs in experimental chlorinated waters of the Quebec City area (Canada). , 2003, Chemosphere.

[105]  A. Boxall,et al.  Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: Regulatory drivers and research needs , 2003 .

[106]  Richard J. Williams,et al.  Steroid estrogens profiles along river stretches arising from sewage treatment works discharges. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[107]  C. Schröter-Kermani,et al.  Retrospective monitoring of organotin compounds in marine biota from 1985 to 1999: results from the German Environmental Specimen Bank. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[108]  K. Staver,et al.  Environmental fate of roxarsone in poultry litter. Part II. Mobility of arsenic in soils amended with poultry litter. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[109]  R. S. Beyer,et al.  Environmental fate of roxarsone in poultry litter. I. Degradation of roxarsone during composting. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[110]  David L. Sedlak,et al.  Precursors of N-Nitrosodimethylamine in Natural Waters , 2003 .

[111]  I. Feldmann,et al.  Metabolism of arsenic by sheep chronically exposed to arsenosugars as a normal part of their diet. 1. Quantitative intake, uptake, and excretion. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[112]  Lars Carlsen,et al.  Phthalates, nonylphenols and LAS in an alternately operated wastewater treatment plant--fate modelling based on measured concentrations in wastewater and sludge. , 2003, Water research.

[113]  B. Halling‐Sørensen,et al.  Characterisation of the abiotic degradation pathways of oxytetracyclines in soil interstitial water using LC-MS-MS. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[114]  Roberto Andreozzi,et al.  Pharmaceuticals in STP effluents and their solar photodegradation in aquatic environment. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[115]  R. Frański,et al.  A central fission pathway in alkylphenol ethoxylate biodegradation. , 2003, Water research.

[116]  B. Ahring,et al.  Toxicity of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on the anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge. , 2003, Water research.

[117]  Ettore Zuccato,et al.  Strategic Survey of Therapeutic Drugs in the Rivers Po and Lambro in Northern Italy , 2003 .

[118]  Heinz P Singer,et al.  Occurrence and fate of carbamazepine, clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen in surface waters. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[119]  J. Vílchez,et al.  Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for the determination of bisphenol A and its chlorinated derivatives in urban wastewater. , 2003, Water research.

[120]  E. Caramão,et al.  Identification of some plasticizers compounds in landfill leachate. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[121]  Mogens Henze,et al.  Household chemicals and personal care products as sources for xenobiotic organic compounds in grey wastewater , 2003 .

[122]  M. Whale,et al.  Anaerobic microbial and photochemical degradation of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether. , 2003, Water research.

[123]  B. Halling‐Sørensen,et al.  Environmental properties and effects of nonionic surfactant adjuvants in pesticides: a review. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[124]  Kevin C Jones,et al.  PAHs, PCBs, PCNs, organochlorine pesticides, synthetic musks, and polychlorinated n-alkanes in U.K. sewage sludge: survey results and implications. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[125]  Gun-Young Park,et al.  Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during ozonation and advanced oxidation processes. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[126]  R. Cela,et al.  Determination of acidic drugs in sewage water by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as tert.-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. , 2003, Journal of chromatography. A.

[127]  N. Jonkers,et al.  Fate of nonylphenol ethoxylates and their metabolites in two Dutch estuaries: evidence of biodegradation in the field. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[128]  T. Poiger,et al.  Caffeine, an anthropogenic marker for wastewater comtamination of surface waters. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[129]  T. Ternes,et al.  Determination of neutral pharmaceuticals in wastewater and rivers by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[130]  D. Barceló,et al.  Determination of drugs in surface water and wastewater samples by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: methods and preliminary results including toxicity studies with Vibrio fischeri. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[131]  D. Barceló,et al.  Determination of haloacetic acids in aqueous environments by solid-phase extraction followed by ion-pair liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[132]  D. Barceló,et al.  Use of solid-phase extraction in various of its modalities for sample preparation in the determination of estrogens and progestogens in sediment and water. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[133]  C. Iden,et al.  Analysis of nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates in environmental samples by mixed-mode high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[134]  P. Popp,et al.  Solid-phase microextraction of phthalates from water. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[135]  M. Potin-Gautier,et al.  Optimisation of the hyphenation between solid-phase microextraction, capillary gas chromatography and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry for the routine speciation of organotin compounds in the environment , 2001 .

[136]  R C Hale,et al.  Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in Virginia freshwater fishes (USA). , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[137]  L. Ammann,et al.  Assessment of wastewater effluent estrogenicity in north central Texas using the vitellogenin biomarker in male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas Rafinesque) , 2001 .

[138]  U. Bolz,et al.  Phenolic xenoestrogens in surface water, sediments, and sewage sludge from Baden-Württemberg, south-west Germany. , 2001, Environmental pollution.

[139]  E. Smith,et al.  The determination of alkylphenols in aqueous samples from the Forth Estuary by SPE-HPLC-fluorescence. , 2001, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[140]  M. L. La Guardia,et al.  Alkylphenol ethoxylate degradation products in land-applied sewage sludge (biosolids). , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[141]  J. Sumpter,et al.  Removal of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in activated sludge treatment works. , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[142]  R. Maguire,et al.  Occurrence of Butyltin Compounds in Freshwater Mussels (Elliptio complanata) from Contaminated Aquatic Areas in Ontario, Canada , 2001 .

[143]  W. E. Gledhill,et al.  Ultimate biodegradation of alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactants and their biodegradation intermediates , 2001, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[144]  E. Oberdörster,et al.  Vitellogenin induction in painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, as a biomarker of exposure to environmental levels of estradiol. , 2001, Aquatic toxicology.

[145]  G. Jiang,et al.  Automatic trace-enrichment of bisphenol A by a novel continuous flow liquid membrane extraction technique , 2001 .

[146]  A. Vella,et al.  Preliminary evidence for in vitro methylation of tributyltin in a marine sediment , 2001 .

[147]  S. Y. Chen,et al.  Hazardous organic matters in municipal sewage sludge in Taiwan. , 2001, Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.

[148]  Mira Petrovic,et al.  Analysis and environmental levels of endocrine-disrupting compounds in freshwater sediments , 2001 .

[149]  K. Kümmerer.  Drugs in the environment: emission of drugs, diagnostic aids and disinfectants into wastewater by hospitals in relation to other sources--a review. , 2001, Chemosphere.

[150]  L I Osemwengi,et al.  On-site solid-phase extraction and laboratory analysis of ultra-trace synthetic musks in municipal sewage effluent using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the full-scan mode. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[151]  J. H. Christensen,et al.  Screening of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in blue mussels, marine and freshwater sediments in Denmark. , 2001, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[152]  H. Reincke,et al.  The occurrence of xenoestrogens in the Elbe river and the North Sea. , 2001, Chemosphere.

[153]  T. Reemtsma.  The use of liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure ionization-mass spectrometry in water analysis – Part II: Obstacles , 2001 .

[154]  W. Waller,et al.  Assessment of the estrogenicity and toxicity of a domestic wastewater effluent flowing through a constructed wetland system using biomarkers in male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas rafinesque, 1820) , 2001, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[155]  C. Daughton,et al.  Emerging pollutants, and communicating the science of environmental chemistry and mass spectrometry: Pharmaceuticals in the environment , 2001, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[156]  W. Körner,et al.  Substances with estrogenic activity in effluents of sewage treatment plants in southwestern Germany. 1. Chemical analysis , 2001, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[157]  M. Jekel,et al.  OCCURRENCE OF IODINATED X-RAY CONTRAST MEDIA IN DOMESTIC EFFLUENTS AND THEIR FATE DURING INDIRECT POTABLE REUSE , 2001, Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering.

[158]  M. Fuerhacker,et al.  Sources and behaviour of bismuth active substances (BiAS) in a municipal sewage treatment plant. , 2001, The Science of the total environment.

[159]  K. Ballschmiter,et al.  Characterisation of five technical mixtures of brominated flame retardants , 2001, Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry.

[160]  Damià Barceló,et al.  Review of analytical methods for the determination of estrogens and progestogens in waste waters , 2001, Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry.

[161]  Erin M. Snyder,et al.  Identification and quantification of estrogen receptor agonists in wastewater effluents. , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[162]  J. Westendorf,et al.  Comparison of an array of in vitro assays for the assessment of the estrogenic potential of natural and synthetic estrogens, phytoestrogens and xenoestrogens. , 2001, Toxicology.

[163]  W. Vetter.  A GC/ECNI-MS method for the identification of lipophilic anthropogenic and natural brominated compounds in marine samples. , 2001, Analytical chemistry.

[164]  L. Elviri,et al.  Development and validation of a method using on-line solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for the determination of bisphenol A, octylphenol, and nonylphenol in groundwater. , 2001, Journal of AOAC International.

[165]  W. Francke,et al.  Halogenated organic contaminants in sediments of the Havel and Spree rivers (Germany). Part 5 of organic compounds as contaminants of the Elbe river and its tributaries. , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[166]  J. Giesy,et al.  Polychlorinated naphthalenes, biphenyls, dibenzo‐p‐dioxins, and dibenzofurans as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkylphenols in sediment from the Detroit and Rouge Rivers, Michigan, USA , 2001, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[167]  D. Burks,et al.  Vitellogenin gene transcription: A relative quantitative exposure indicator of environmental estrogens , 2001, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[168]  E. Jakobsson,et al.  Brominated flame retardants: a novel class of developmental neurotoxicants in our environment? , 2001, Environmental health perspectives.

[169]  A. Raksit,et al.  Determination of N-nitrosodimethylamine in environmental aqueous samples by isotope-dilution GC/MS-SIM. , 2001, Journal of AOAC International.

[170]  P. Persson,et al.  Routine analysis of alcohol and nonylphenol polyethoxylates in wastewater and sludge using liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[171]  E. Thurman,et al.  Analysis of trace levels of sulfonamide and tetracycline antimicrobials in groundwater and surface water using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. , 2001, Analytical chemistry.

[172]  H. Schröder.  Tracing of surfactants in the biological wastewater treatment process and the identification of their metabolites by flow injection-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and -tandem mass spectrometry. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[173]  R. Cela,et al.  Simultaneous determination of butyltin and phenyltin species in sediments using ultrasound-assisted leaching , 2001, Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry.

[174]  H. Matsushita,et al.  Identification and quantification of chlorinated bisphenol A in wastewater from wastepaper recycling plants. , 2001, Chemosphere.

[175]  Thomas A. Ternes,et al.  Analytical methods for the determination of pharmaceuticals in aqueous environmental samples , 2001 .

[176]  N. Nyholm,et al.  Primary biodegradation of veterinary antibiotics in aerobic and anaerobic surface water simulation systems. , 2001, Chemosphere.

[177]  A. Martín-Esteban,et al.  Molecularly imprinted polymers: new molecular recognition materials for selective solid-phase extraction of organic compounds , 2001, Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry.

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