Intelligent and robust control of DER for autonomous microgrid operation

Voltage and frequency variations are often observed when a DER is interconnected to the utility grid. These variations can be managed with effective control of the PE interface of the DER to the grid. This paper investigates the use of an intelligent controller using active power control in the dq0 frame for addressing the frequency and voltage imbalance when a DER is interconnected to the utility. The proposed strategy developed also investigates the subsequent reactions on the distribution network when various scenarios occur which may lead to the formation of a microgrid (MG). The intelligent controller which is based on the mamdani model, displays satisfying results which show effective grid side control of the DER. The simulation results are compared to an intelligent controller using the TSK model and the mamdani model is validated based on the effective frequency and voltage stability.

[1]  Ebrahim Farjah,et al.  Distributed charge/discharge control of energy storages in a renewable-energy-based DC micro-grid , 2014 .

[2]  Ahmed Al-Durra,et al.  $LCL$ Filter Design and Performance Analysis for Grid-Interconnected Systems , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[3]  Rosario Miceli,et al.  Comparison of models of fuel cells based on experimental data for the design of power electronics systems , 2015 .

[4]  Bill Diong,et al.  An improved small-signal model of the dynamic behavior of PEM fuel cells , 2003, 38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference, 2003..

[5]  Hee-Je Kim,et al.  A Novel Grid Synchronization PLL Method Based on Adaptive Low-Pass Notch Filter for Grid-Connected PCS , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[6]  Kevin Tomsovic,et al.  Development of models for analyzing the load-following performance of microturbines and fuel cells , 2002 .

[7]  Rik W. De Doncker,et al.  Unified Control of a Buck Converter for Wide-Load-Range Applications , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[8]  Sukumar Kamalasadan,et al.  An Effective Power Management Strategy for a Wind–Diesel–Hydrogen-Based Remote Area Power Supply System to Meet Fluctuating Demands Under Generation Uncertainty , 2015 .

[9]  K.Y. Lee.  The effect of DG using fuel cell under deregulated electricity energy markets , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[10]  Kamalakanta Mahapatra,et al.  An intelligent control of solid oxide fuel cell voltage , 2011, 2011 International Conference on Power and Energy Systems.

[11]  A Hajizadeh,et al.  Voltage Control and Active Power Management of Hybrid Fuel-Cell/Energy-Storage Power Conversion System Under Unbalanced Voltage Sag Conditions , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[12]  Saifur Rahman.  Fuel cell as a distributed generation technology , 2001, 2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262).

[13]  B. Lasseter,et al.  Microgrids [distributed power generation] , 2001, 2001 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37194).

[14]  Jaydeep Shah,et al.  Challenges and opportunities of affordable Fuel Cell for distributed generation , 2014, 2014 1st International Conference on Non Conventional Energy (ICONCE 2014).

[15]  A. Feliachi,et al.  Impact of fuel cells on load-frequency control in power distribution systems , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[16]  Henry Louie,et al.  Fueling Sustainability: The Exponential Impact of Empowering Off-Grid Communities , 2016, IEEE Electrification Magazine.