Ground reference data for sugarcane biomass estimation in São Paulo state, Brazil

In order to make effective decisions on sustainable development, it is essential for sugarcane-producing countries to take into account sugarcane acreage and sugarcane production dynamics. The availability of sugarcane biophysical data along the growth season is key to an effective mapping of such dynamics, especially to tune agronomic models and to cross-validate indirect satellite measurements. Here, we introduce a dataset comprising 3,500 sugarcane observations collected from October 2014 until October 2015 at four fields in the São Paulo state (Brazil). The campaign included both non-destructive measurements of plant biometrics and destructive biomass weighing procedures. The acquisition plan was designed to maximize cost-effectiveness and minimize field-invasiveness, hence the non-destructive measurements outnumber the destructive ones. To compensate for such imbalance, a method to convert the measured biometrics into biomass estimates, based on the empirical adjustment of allometric models, is proposed. In addition, the paper addresses the precisions associated to the ground measurements and derived metrics. The presented growth dynamics and associated precisions can be adopted when designing new sugarcane measurement campaigns. Design Type(s) observation design • time series design Measurement Type(s) plant structure • leaf area index • plant matter • water-based rainfall Technology Type(s) data collection method Factor Type(s) Sample Characteristic(s) Saccharum hybrid cultivar RB867515 • Saccharum hybrid cultivar SP80-3280 • Piracicaba Mesoregion • cropland biome Design Type(s) observation design • time series design Measurement Type(s) plant structure • leaf area index • plant matter • water-based rainfall Technology Type(s) data collection method Factor Type(s) Sample Characteristic(s) Saccharum hybrid cultivar RB867515 • Saccharum hybrid cultivar SP80-3280 • Piracicaba Mesoregion • cropland biome Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data (ISA-Tab format)

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