A distributed cooperative control strategy for improving dynamic response of AC microgrid

Communication bandwidth inconsistency between traditional secondary control and tertiary control may decrease the economic efficiency of a microgrid. To solve the problem, this study proposes a fully distributed cooperative strategy in secondary level to minimize the operation cost in an AC microgrid and achieve the synchronization of the voltage and frequency. The proposed strategy is based on the incremental cost consensus algorithm with a modified droop control algorithm, and it utilizes the first-order discrete consensus algorithm with a virtual leader to optimize the generation cost. In addition, it can effectively deal with communication failures and improve the robustness of the system. Case studies verified the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing it with traditional methods.

[1]  D. Qi,et al.  Cooperative control strategy for multiple photovoltaic generators in distribution networks , 2011 .

[2]  J.A.P. Lopes,et al.  Defining control strategies for MicroGrids islanded operation , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[3]  Ehab F. El-Saadany,et al.  Optimum Droop Parameter Settings of Islanded Microgrids With Renewable Energy Resources , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[4]  Josep M. Guerrero,et al.  Advanced Control Architectures for Intelligent Microgrids—Part I: Decentralized and Hierarchical Control , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[5]  J. Miret,et al.  Decentralized Control for Parallel Operation of Distributed Generation Inverters Using Resistive Output Impedance , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[6]  S. Mishra,et al.  Automatic generation control of microgrid using artificial intelligence techniques , 2012, 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[7]  Chaoyong Hou,et al.  Hierarchical control techniques applied in micro-grid , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology.

[8]  Allen J. Wood,et al.  Power Generation, Operation, and Control , 1984 .

[9]  Phatiphat Thounthong,et al.  Control of Parallel-connected AC to DC Converter with Droop Technique for DC Microgrid Application , 2013 .

[10]  Frank L. Lewis,et al.  Distributed Cooperative Secondary Control of Microgrids Using Feedback Linearization , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[11]  Mehdi Savaghebi,et al.  Hierarchical control scheme for voltage Harmonics Compensation in an islanded droop-controlled microgrid , 2011, 2011 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems.

[12]  Xiwei Liu.  Distributed nonlinear control algorithms for network consensus , 2010 .

[13]  Reza Olfati-Saber,et al.  Consensus and Cooperation in Networked Multi-Agent Systems , 2007, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[14]  H. R. Chamorro,et al.  Hierarchical power flow control in low voltage microgrids , 2013, 2013 North American Power Symposium (NAPS).

[15]  Zhihua Qu,et al.  A Self-Organizing Strategy for Power Flow Control of Photovoltaic Generators in a Distribution Network , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[16]  Haibin Yu,et al.  Analysis of Multi-Agent-Based Adaptive Droop-Controlled AC Microgrids with PSCAD: Modeling and Simulation , 2015 .

[17]  R. Iravani,et al.  Microgrids management , 2008, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[18]  Mo-Yuen Chow,et al.  Convergence Analysis of the Incremental Cost Consensus Algorithm Under Different Communication Network Topologies in a Smart Grid , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[19]  Danny Pudjianto,et al.  Virtual power plant and system integration of distributed energy resources , 2007 .

[20]  Frank L. Lewis,et al.  Distributed Optimal Active Power Control of Multiple Generation Systems , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[21]  Josep M. Guerrero,et al.  A Survey on Control of Electric Power Distributed Generation Systems for Microgrid Applications , 2015 .

[22]  Ali Davoudi,et al.  Hierarchical Structure of Microgrids Control System , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[23]  Jon Andreu,et al.  General aspects, hierarchical controls and droop methods in microgrids: A review , 2013 .

[24]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Reactive Power Sharing and Voltage Harmonic Distortion Compensation of Droop Controlled Single Phase Islanded Microgrids , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[25]  Zhihua Qu,et al.  Cooperative Control of Dynamical Systems and Its Robustness Analysis , 2006, Proceedings of the 45th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[26]  M Castilla,et al.  Hierarchical Control of Intelligent Microgrids , 2010, IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine.

[27]  Reza Iravani,et al.  Potential-Function Based Control of a Microgrid in Islanded and Grid-Connected Modes , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[28]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Voltage Support Provided by a Droop-Controlled Multifunctional Inverter , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[29]  Haritza Camblong,et al.  Survey on microgrids: Unplanned islanding and related inverter control techniques , 2011 .

[30]  Jongeun Choi,et al.  Distributed learning and cooperative control for multi-agent systems , 2009, Autom..

[31]  S. M. Moghaddas-Tafreshi,et al.  Bidding Strategy of Virtual Power Plant for Participating in Energy and Spinning Reserve Markets—Part I: Problem Formulation , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[32]  Mehdi Savaghebi,et al.  Secondary Control Scheme for Voltage Unbalance Compensation in an Islanded Droop-Controlled Microgrid , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[33]  Z. Qu,et al.  Cooperative Control of Dynamical Systems: Applications to Autonomous Vehicles , 2009 .

[34]  Fanghong Guo,et al.  Distributed Secondary Voltage and Frequency Restoration Control of Droop-Controlled Inverter-Based Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[35]  Seyed Hossein Hosseinian,et al.  Distributed cooperative control system for smart microgrids , 2016 .

[36]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Control Strategy for Flexible Microgrid Based on Parallel Line-Interactive UPS Systems , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[37]  Kimmo Kauhaniemi,et al.  Hierarchical control structure in microgrids with distributed generation: Island and grid-connected mode , 2015 .

[38]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Microgrids: Hierarchical Control and an Overview of the Control and Reserve Management Strategies , 2013, IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine.

[39]  Jhi-Young Joo,et al.  Efficient Coordination of Wind Power and Price-Responsive Demand—Part I: Theoretical Foundations , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[40]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Distributed Secondary Control for Islanded Microgrids—A Novel Approach , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[41]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Hierarchical Control of Droop-Controlled AC and DC Microgrids—A General Approach Toward Standardization , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[42]  B.S. Kumar,et al.  AGC for distributed generation , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies.

[43]  Po-Tai Cheng,et al.  A new droop control method for the autonomous operation of distributed energy resource interface converters , 2010 .

[44]  F. Katiraei,et al.  Small-signal dynamic model of a micro-grid including conventional and electronically interfaced distributed resources , 2007 .