Collective control of networked microgrids with high penetration of variable resources part I: Theory

This paper will present the design of collective feedback controllers for the integration of renewable energy into networked DC bus microgrids. These feedback controllers are based on a single DC bus microgrid because the networked DC bus microgrids are self-similar. As a result, these feedback controllers are divided into two types. Type 1 is based on a feedback guidance command to determine the boost converter duty cycle. Type 2 is based on Hamiltonian Surface Shaping and Power Flow Control (HSSPFC) [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6] to determine the required distributed energy storage systems to ensure stability and performance. Two DC bus microgrids coupled with a transmission line is used as an example. This model architecture can vary from 0% energy storage with transient renewable energy supplies to 100% energy storage with fossil fuel energy supplies which will be useful in the future to demonstrate the benefits and costs of networked microgrids.

[1]  M. Bazargan,et al.  New participants in SmartGrids and associated challenges in the transition towards the grid of the future , 2009, 2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech.

[2]  Ned Mohan,et al.  Decentralized power flow control for a smart micro-grid , 2011, 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[3]  B L Schenkman,et al.  PhotoVoltaic distributed generation for lanai power grid real-time simulation and control integration scenario , 2010, SPEEDAM 2010.

[4]  S. Yurkovich,et al.  Hybrid large scale system model for a DC microgrid , 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 American Control Conference.

[5]  David G. Wilson,et al.  Transient Stability and Control of Wind Turbine Generation Based on Hamiltonian Surface Shaping and Power Flow Control. , 2010 .

[6]  David G. Wilson,et al.  Exergy and irreversible entropy production thermodynamic concepts for nonlinear control design , 2009 .

[7]  D.G. Wilson,et al.  Nonlinear power flow control applied to power engineering , 2008, 2008 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion.

[8]  H. Farhangi,et al.  The path of the smart grid , 2010, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[9]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Hierarchical Control of Droop-Controlled AC and DC Microgrids—A General Approach Toward Standardization , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[10]  Timothy C. Green,et al.  Real-World MicroGrids-An Overview , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[11]  Paolo Mattavelli,et al.  Improving power quality and distribution efficiency in micro-grids by cooperative control of Switching Power Interfaces , 2010, The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference - ECCE ASIA -.

[12]  Jingjing Yang,et al.  Hierarchical MAS Based Control Strategy for Microgrid , 2010 .

[13]  Xu Rong,et al.  A review on distributed energy resources and MicroGrid , 2008 .

[14]  M. H. Nehrir,et al.  Multi-agent Microgrid Power Management , 2011 .

[15]  David G. Wilson,et al.  Transient stability and control of renewable generators based on Hamiltonian Surface Shaping and Power Flow Control: Part I-theory , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications.

[16]  D.G. Wilson,et al.  Exergy and Irreversible Entropy Production Thermodynamic Concepts for Control Design: Nonlinear Systems , 2006, 2006 14th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation.

[17]  David G. Wilson,et al.  What is a limit cycle? , 2008, Int. J. Control.

[18]  H. Kakigano,et al.  Fundamental characteristics of DC microgrid for residential houses with cogeneration system in each house , 2008, 2008 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century.

[19]  D. G. Wilson,et al.  Renewable energy microgrid control with energy storage integration , 2012, International Symposium on Power Electronics Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion.

[20]  Wenxin Liu,et al.  Novel Multiagent Based Load Restoration Algorithm for Microgrids , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[21]  Leon M. Tolbert,et al.  Control and protection of power electronics interfaced distributed generation systems in a customer-driven microgrid , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[22]  David G. Wilson,et al.  Nonlinear Power Flow Control Design: Utilizing Exergy, Entropy, Static and Dynamic Stability, and Lyapunov Analysis , 2011 .