Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies XVII. Animal response to n-nonane vapor.

The LC50 for groups of rats subjected to inhalation of n-nonane vapor for 4 hr and held for 14 days was 17 (14 to 21) mg/liter or 3200 (2700 to 4000) ppm. Rats tolerated 4.6 mg/liter (880 ppm) for 4 hr without visible discomfort. During 7 days of inhalation of vapor at a concentration of 8.1 mg/liter (1500 ppm) for 6 hr per day rats had mild tremors, slight coordination loss, and slight irritation of the eyes and extremities. Rats were subjected to inhalation of 8.4, 3.1, and 1.9 mg/liter (1600, 590, and 360 ppm) for 6 hr daily, 5 days per week for 13 weeks. Two deaths occurred on Day 1 in the 8.4-mg/liter group, and two late deaths at Days 46 and 52 resulted from suppurative bronchopneumonia in the 1.9-mg/liter concentration. Micropathological evaluation of tissues taken from surviving rats revealed no lesions attributable to inhalation of the vapor. No statistically significant deviations from the controls were found either at 3.1 or 1.9 mg/liter. However, the mean body weights or mean body weight gains of rats subjected to 8.4 mg/liter were statistically significantly lower than those of the controls throughout the 13-week inhalation regimen. Based upon the above, a concentration of 3.1 mg/liter (590 ppm) is the no-ill-effect level for rats.

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