Modelado de sistemas complejos mediante simulación basada en agentes y mediante dinámica de sistemas

Este trabajo compara dos tecnicas de modelado de sistemas complejos: la simulacion basada en agentes y la dinamica de sistemas. Esta comparacion se lleva a cabo dentro del marco general del proceso de modelado cientifico. Los autores concluyen que la principal diferencia entre las dos metodologias se encuentra en el proceso de abstraccion que cada una de ellas realiza para construir el modelo formal a partir del sistema complejo observado. Esta diferencia inicial se extiende a las restantes etapas del proceso de modelado cientifico. Finalmente, se indican los principales factores y las propiedades generales de un sistema complejo que hacen que una u otra tecnica sea mas relevante, aunque los autores destacan que, en la mayoria de los casos, modelizar un mismo sistema mediante las dos tecnicas es la solucion idonea. This paper compares two approaches in complex systems modelling: agentbased modelling and system dynamics. The comparison is undertaken within the general framework of the process of scientific modelling. We argue that the most important difference between the two approaches appears when the modeller builds an abstraction of the target system to develop a formal model from it. This initial difference extends to the following stages of the modelling process, making the two approaches clearly distinctive. Finally, we outline the main general factors that may make one approach more suitable than the other; nevertheless, we also emphasise that modelling the same target system using both techniques seems to be a fruitful and worthy activity.

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