A NAT-ed Peer Organization Model in Kademlia Protocol

Peer-to-peer network and application have boomed for the recent decade. However, Network Address Translation (NAT) devices obstruct its wide application by restricting the access to peers from private network. In this paper, we devise a peer strongly connected model to adapt Kademlia protocol to NAT-involved environment to minimize the impact on routine algorithm and meanwhile to make the target system reliable and scalable. Evaluation shows that our organization model highly outperforms existing model in delivery rate and scalability.

[1]  Matei Ripeanu,et al.  Peer-to-peer architecture case study: Gnutella network , 2001, Proceedings First International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing.

[2]  Márk Jelasity,et al.  PeerSim: A scalable P2P simulator , 2009, 2009 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing.

[3]  Bryan Ford,et al.  Peer-to-Peer Communication Across Network Address Translators , 2005, USENIX Annual Technical Conference, General Track.

[4]  Ravi Jain,et al.  An Experimental Study of the Skype Peer-to-Peer VoIP System , 2005, IPTPS.

[5]  Henning Schulzrinne,et al.  Reliability and relay selection in peer-to-peer communication systems , 2010, IPTComm.

[6]  Arno Wacker,et al.  A New Protocol to Determine the NAT Characteristics of a Host , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing Workshops and Phd Forum.

[7]  Qianni Deng,et al.  VIP: A P2P Communication Platform for NAT Traversal , 2005, ISPA.

[8]  Cullen Jennings,et al.  Network Address Translation (NAT) Behavioral Requirements for Unicast UDP , 2007, RFC.

[9]  Christian Grothoff,et al.  Autonomous NAT Traversal , 2010, 2010 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing (P2P).

[10]  Jianping Pan,et al.  The impact of NAT on BitTorrent-like P2P systems , 2009, 2009 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing.

[11]  Gerald Kunzmann Recursive or iterative routing? Hybrid! , 2005, KiVS Kurzbeiträge und Workshop.

[12]  H. Sips,et al.  A Measurement of NAT & Firewall Characteristics in Peer to Peer Systems , 2009 .

[13]  Jon Crowcroft,et al.  A survey and comparison of peer-to-peer overlay network schemes , 2005, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[14]  Jun Li,et al.  SMBR: A novel NAT traversal mechanism for structured Peer-to-Peer communications , 2010, The IEEE symposium on Computers and Communications.

[15]  Bo Wang,et al.  A Novel NAT Traversal Mechanism in the Heterogeneous Environment , 2009, 2009 Eighth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science.

[16]  Dan Wing,et al.  Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) , 2020, RFC.

[17]  Carmen Guerrero,et al.  A collaborative P2P scheme for NAT Traversal Server discovery based on topological information , 2010, Comput. Networks.

[18]  Jonathan D. Rosenberg,et al.  Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols , 2010, RFC.

[19]  Zhaoqing Jia,et al.  Random walk search in unstructured P2P , 2006 .

[20]  Danny Bickson,et al.  The eMule Protocol Specification , 2005 .

[21]  Jim Dowling,et al.  Usurp: distributed NAT traversal for overlay networks , 2011, DAIS'11.

[22]  H. Suzuki,et al.  External dynamic mapping method for NAT traversal , 2007, 2007 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies.

[23]  David Mazières,et al.  Kademlia: A Peer-to-Peer Information System Based on the XOR Metric , 2002, IPTPS.

[24]  Christos Gkantsidis,et al.  Random walks in peer-to-peer networks , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[25]  Aaron Grunthal Efficient Indexing of the BitTorrent Distributed Hash Table , 2010, ArXiv.

[26]  Gregor Schiele,et al.  A NAT Traversal Mechanism for Peer-To-Peer Networks , 2008, 2008 Eighth International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing.

[27]  Seif Haridi,et al.  NATCracker: NAT Combinations Matter , 2009, 2009 Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks.

[28]  Jonathan D. Rosenberg,et al.  Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) , 2020, RFC.