Luminescent two-color tracer particles for simultaneous velocity and temperature measurements in microfluidics

The simultaneous and non-intrusive measurement of temperature and velocity fields in flows is of great scientific and technological interest. To sample the velocity and temperature, tracer particle based approaches have been developed, where the velocity is measured using PIV or PTV and the temperature is obtained from the intensity (LIF, thermographic phosphors) or frequency (TLC) of the light emitted or reflected by the tracer particles. In this article, a measurement technique is introduced, that relates the luminescent intensity ratio of individual dual-color luminescent tracer particles to temperature. Different processing algorithms are tested on synthetic particle images and compared with respect to their accuracy in estimating the intensity ratio. Furthermore, polymer particles which are doped with the temperature sensitive dye europium (III) thenoyltrifluoroacetonate (EuTTA) and the nearly temperature insensitive reference dye perylene are characterized as valid tracers. The results show a reduction of the temperature measurement uncertainty of almost 40% (95% confidence interval) compared to previously reported luminescent particle based measurement techniques for microfluidics.

[1]  Myeongsub Kim,et al.  Dual-tracer fluorescence thermometry measurements in a heated channel , 2010 .

[2]  Bharathibai J. Basu,et al.  Fabrication of a Bi-luminophore Temperature Sensitive Coating by Embedding Europium Thenoyltrifluoroacetonate (EuTTA) and Perylene in Polystyrene , 2009, Journal of Fluorescence.

[3]  A. Faghri,et al.  Challenges and opportunities of thermal management issues related to fuel cell technology and modeling , 2005 .

[4]  Christopher Abram,et al.  Characterisation of the luminescence properties of BAM:Eu2+ particles as a tracer for thermographic particle image velocimetry , 2015 .

[5]  B. Valeur,et al.  Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications , 2001 .

[6]  K. Thole,et al.  Effects of non-axisymmetric endwall contouring and film cooling on the passage flowfield in a linear turbine cascade , 2015 .

[7]  John P. Crimaldi,et al.  Planar laser induced fluorescence in aqueous flows , 2008 .

[8]  Hideo Yoshida.  The wide variety of possible applications of micro-thermofluid control , 2005 .

[9]  Peter Stephan,et al.  Using microencapsulated fluorescent dyes for simultaneous measurement of temperature and velocity fields , 2012 .

[10]  B. J. Basu,et al.  Temperature dependence of the luminescence lifetime of a europium complex immobilized in different polymer matrices , 2008 .

[11]  F. Stella,et al.  Onset of natural convection in a cube , 1993 .

[12]  Marcus Aldén,et al.  Thermographic phosphors for thermometry: A survey of combustion applications , 2011 .

[13]  G. Castanet,et al.  New insight into two-color LIF thermometry applied to temperature measurements of droplets , 2010 .

[14]  Younan Xia,et al.  Synthesis and Characterization of Pressure and Temperature Dual‐Responsive Polystyrene Microbeads , 2013 .

[15]  S. Wereley,et al.  The theory of diffraction-limited resolution in microparticle image velocimetry , 2003 .

[16]  Tianshu Liu,et al.  Pressure and Temperature Sensitive Paints , 2004, Experimental Fluid Mechanics.

[17]  Fabrice Lemoine,et al.  The saturation of the fluorescence and its consequences for laser-induced fluorescence thermometry in liquid flows , 2016 .

[18]  A. Giry,et al.  Microscale thermometry , 2015 .

[19]  Christian Cierpka,et al.  Simultaneous three-dimensional temperature and velocity field measurements using astigmatic imaging of non-encapsulated thermo-liquid crystal (TLC) particles. , 2015, Lab on a chip.

[20]  J. Coppeta,et al.  Dual emission laser induced fluorescence for direct planar scalar behavior measurements , 1998 .

[21]  J. Cuéllar,et al.  Influence of the geometric factors of the experimental device used in suspension polymerization on the properties of poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microparticles , 2012 .

[22]  Jun Sakakibara,et al.  Main results of the 4th International PIV Challenge , 2016 .

[23]  D. Dabiri.  Digital particle image thermometry/velocimetry: a review , 2009 .

[24]  M. Shafii,et al.  In situ LIF temperature measurements in aqueous ammonium chloride solution during uni-directional solidification , 2010 .

[25]  Frank Beyrau,et al.  High-precision flow temperature imaging using ZnO thermographic phosphor tracer particles. , 2015, Optics express.

[26]  Frank Beyrau,et al.  Simultaneous temperature, mixture fraction and velocity imaging in turbulent flows using thermographic phosphor tracer particles. , 2012, Optics express.

[27]  C. Cierpka,et al.  Particle imaging techniques for volumetric three-component (3D3C) velocity measurements in microfluidics , 2011, Journal of Visualization.

[28]  C. Kähler,et al.  Non-encapsulated thermo-liquid crystals for digital particle tracking thermography/velocimetry in microfluidics , 2013 .

[29]  R. Arshady,et al.  Suspension, emulsion, and dispersion polymerization: A methodological survey , 1992 .

[30]  Kenneth T. Christensen,et al.  Two-color laser-induced fluorescent thermometry for microfluidic systems , 2008 .

[31]  C. Kähler,et al.  On the uncertainty of digital PIV and PTV near walls , 2012 .

[32]  Christian J. Kähler,et al.  Higher order multi-frame particle tracking velocimetry , 2013 .

[33]  R. Adrian,et al.  Whole field measurement of temperature in water using two-color laser induced fluorescence , 1997 .

[34]  Christian J. Kähler,et al.  A simple single camera 3C3D velocity measurement technique without errors due to depth of correlation and spatial averaging for microfluidics , 2010 .

[35]  R. Adrian.  Particle-Imaging Techniques for Experimental Fluid Mechanics , 1991 .