AGC by revision of area control error

The conventional area control error (ACE) only considers the changes of frequency and interchanged power while the revised ACE takes the errors of energy and time into account, which are caused by deviation in equipment and dispatching. Using MATLAB, the changes of frequency and power in every area of the two-area and three-area combined systems were simulated respectively and the result shows that the revised ACE controls the changes of frequency and power better than the unrevised one.