Apparatus and method for resource allocation for multi-hop relay broadband wireless access communication system

An apparatus and a method for resource allocation in a multi-hop relay BWA(Broadband Wireless Access) communication system are provided to allocate resources dynamically according to a frame structure for supporting multiple frequency bandwidths and the traffic load of each link, thereby supporting a relay service using the multiple frequency bandwidths and solving the efficiency deterioration of resources caused by the unbalance of load by each link. An i-numbered frame(300) is divided into a downlink sub frame(310) and an uplink sub frame(320) as time resources. The downlink sub frame and the uplink sub frame are divided into a first section(311,321) and a second section(313,323) by using the time resources. A TTG(Transmit/Receive Transition Gap)(331) of a time protection area exists between the downlink sub frame and the uplink sub frame. An RTG(Receive/Transmit Transition Gap)(333) of a time protection area exists between the i-numbered frame and an (i+1)-numbered frame. A BS(Base Station)(350) transmits a preamble, control information and a downlink burst successively to a terminal 1 connected by a link during the first section of the downlink sub frame. The BS transmits control information, a downlink burst, and a post amble to an RS(Relay Station)(360) successively during the second section. The control information included in the second section includes the resource allocation information of the control information about the resource allocation information of a control information area which the RS transmits to the terminal 1. The BS receives an uplink burst from the terminal 1 during the first section of the uplink sub frame. The BS receives the uplink burst from the RS during the second section. The RS transmits a preamble, control information, and a downlink burst successively to a terminal 2 connected by a relay link during the first section of the downlink sub frame. The RS receives control information, a downlink burst, and a post preamble from the BS during the second section successively. The RS receives the uplink burst from the terminal 2 during the first section of the uplink sub frame. The RS transmits the uplink burst received from the terminal 2 during the first section to the BS during the second section. An R-TTG(Relay TTG)(335) of a time protection area exists between the first section and second section of the downlink sub frame. An R-RTG(Relay RTG)(337) of a time protection area exists between the first section and second section of the uplink sub frame.