Dialogue graphique intelligent, fondé sur une ontologie, pour une prothèse de mémoire. (Smart graphical dialogue, based on an ontology, for a memory prosthesis)

Dans le cadre de cette these, nous proposons une prothese de memoire « intelligente », appelee CAPTAIN MEMO, destinee aux malades d’Alzheimer, pour pallier leurs problemes mnesiques. Cette prothese est basee sur l’ontologie temporelle, floue et multilingue appelee MemoFuzzyOnto.Cette prothese offre des interfaces accessibles a cette classe particuliere d’utilisateurs. Nous proposons, pour mettre en œuvre ces interfaces, une methodologie de conception appelee InterfaceToAlz pour concevoir des interfaces accessibles aux malades d’Alzheimer, et qui offre un guide de 146 bonnes pratiques ergonomiques. De plus, nous proposons un outil de visualisation d’ontologies appele Memo Graph qui genere un graphe dont la visualisation et la manipulation sont accessibles aux malades d’Alzheimer. Cette proposition est motivee par le fait que CAPTAIN MEMO a besoin de generer et d’editer le graphe de la famille et de l’entourage du patient, a partir de l’ontologie MemoFuzzyOnto qui structure sa base de connaissances. Memo Graph est fonde sur notre guide de bonnes pratiques ergonomiques et notre approche, appelee Incremental Key-Instances Extraction and Visualisation, qui permet une extraction et une visualisation incrementale du resume des assertions ABox de l’ontologie. Il supporte egalement la visualisation des donnees ouvertes liees (Linked Data) et le passage a l’echelle. Par ailleurs, nous proposons, dans le cadre de cette these, une typologie de l’imperfection des donnees saisies (principalement due a la discordance mnesique provoquee par la maladie), et une methodologie pour permettre a CAPTAIN MEMO d’etre tolerante a la saisie des donnees fausses. Nous proposons un modele d’evaluation de la credibilite et une approche, nommee Data Believability Estimation for Applications to Alzheimer Patients, permettant d’estimer qualitativement et quantitativement la credibilite de chaque donnee saisie. Enfin, pour que CAPTAIN MEMO soit tolerante a la saisie des intervalles temporels imprecis nous proposons deux approches : l’une basee sur un environnement precis et l’autre basee sur un environnement flou. Dans chacune des deux approches, nous etendons l’approche 4D-fluents pour representer les intervalles temporels imprecis et les relations temporelles qualitatives, puis nous etendons l’algebre d’Allen pour prendre en compte les intervalles imprecis dans le cadre de notre ontologie MemoFuzzyOnto. Nos contributions sont implementees et evaluees. Nous avons evalue l’accessibilite de ses interfaces utilisateurs, le service de CAPTAIN MEMO qui a pour but de stimuler la memoire du patient, notre approche pour l’estimation quantitative de la credibilite des donnees saisies ainsi que la visualisation du graphe generee a l’aide de Memo Graph. Nous avons egalement evalue la performance de Memo Graph et son utilisabilite par des experts du domaine.

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